12 - Repro - Infections

Question 1

Name the 5 most common STI’s affecting the UK:

Answer 1

1) Genital warts
2) Chlamydia
3) Genital herpes
4) Gonorrhoea
5) Syphilis

Question 2

Name the organism which causes genital warts:

Answer 2

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)

Question 3

Name the organism which causes Chlamydia:

Answer 3

Chlamydia trachomatis

Question 4

Name the organism which causes Genital herpes:

Answer 4

Herpes simplex virus

Question 5

Name the organism which causes Gonorrhoea:

Answer 5

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Question 6

Name the organism which causes Syphilis:

Answer 6

Treponema palladium

Question 7

List some causes of genital ulceration:

Answer 7

• Syphilis
• Chancroid
• Lymphogranuloma venereum
• Donovanosis
• Herpes simplex virus
• Herpes zoster virus
• Molloscum contagiosum
• Carcinoma
• Trauma

Question 8

What is the name of the organism which causes Lymphogranuloma venereum?

Answer 8

Chlamydia trachomatis

Question 9

What are the symptoms of urethritis?

Answer 9

Dysuria +/- discharge

Question 10

List some causes of urethritis:

Answer 10

• N. gonorrhoea
• Chlamydia trachomatis
• Mycoplasma
• Trichomonas vaginalis
• Herpes simplex virus
• Herpes papilloma virus
• UTI
• Syphilis
• Physical/chemical trauma
• Urethral stricture

Question 11

What are the symptoms of vulvo-vaginitis and cervicitis?

Answer 11

• Vaginal discharge
• Odour
• Itch
• Dyspareunia
• Soreness

Question 12

What is the most common cause of infective vulvo-vaginitis and cervicitis?

Answer 12

Bacterial vaginitis due to overgrowth of normal flora ie Gardnerella vaginalis

Question 13

List some non-infective causes of vulvo-vaginitis and cervicitis:

Answer 13

• Cervical polyps
• Neoplasm
• Retained products ie tampons
• Chemical irritation

Question 14

What are the symptoms of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease?

Answer 14

• Pyrexia
• Lower abdominal pain
• Deep dyspareunia
• Discharge
• Bleeding

Question 15

Which organisms often contribute to Pelvic Inflammatory Disease?

Answer 15

• Chlamydia trachomatis
• Neisseria gonorrhoea
• Gardnerella vaginalis
• Mycoplasma
• Other anaerobes

Question 16

What name is given to the infective form of chlamydia trachomatis?

Answer 16

Elementary body

Question 17

What are the symptoms of a Chlamydia infection?

Answer 17

Females:

• Usually asymptomatic
• Dysuria
• Discharge
• Lower abdominal pain
• Dyspareunia
• Abnormal bleeding

Males:
- Usually dysuria + discharge

Question 18

How do infants with a chlamydia infection usually present?

Answer 18

Conjunctivitis

May progress to pneumonia

Question 19

Apart from the genital tract, what other part of the body is commonly affected by chlamydia trachomatis?

Answer 19

Eyes - conjunctivitis common, can lead to blindness

Question 20

What method of specimen collection is used for chlamydia infections?

Answer 20

• Endocervical swab
• Urethral swab
• 1st void urine
• Conjunctival swab

Question 21

What is the main antibiotic used to treat Chlamydia?

Answer 21

Adults - Azithromycin

Children - Erythromycin

Question 22

What are the usual symptoms of gonorrhoea?

Answer 22

Female:
- Usually asymptomatic

Male:

• Dysuria
• Discharge

Question 23

What are the symptoms of disseminated gonorrhoea infection?

Answer 23

• Painful joints
• Tenosynovitis
• Rash

Question 24

What methods of specimen collection are used to detect gonorrhoea?

Answer 24

• Endocervical swab
• Urethral swab
• Rectal swab
• Pharyngeal swab
• Urine

Question 25

What is the treatment for gonorrheoa?

Answer 25

IM Ceftriaxone

Question 26

Penicillin resistance is most common with which type of STI?

Answer 26

Gonorrhoea

Question 27

What is the usual presentation of genital herpes?

Answer 27

- Extensive painful genital ulceration - Dysuria - Fever - Inguinal lymphadenopathy

Question 28

Which common STI can lie latent in the dorsal root ganglia?

Answer 28

Genital herpes (Herpes simplex virus)

Question 29

What is the treatment for genital herpes?

Answer 29

Aciclovir

Question 30

Which herpes simplex virus most commonly causes genital herpes?

Answer 30

HSV2

Question 31

Which human papilloma viruses most commonly cause benign genital wart formation?

Answer 31

HPV 6 + 11

Question 32

Which human papilloma viruses most commonly cause oncogenic genital wart formation?

Answer 32

HPV 16 + 18

Question 33

What is the presentation of genital warts?

Answer 33

Benign, painless, verrucous outgrowths of: - Penis - Vulva - Vagina - Cervix - Urethra - Perianal skin

Question 34

What is the treatment for genital warts?

Answer 34

None: Spontanous resolution <1yr ~ 70%, ,2yrs 90% Topical podophyllin Cryotherapy Surgery

Question 35

The HPV vaccine offered to girls (Gardasil) protects against which human papilloma viruses?

Answer 35

HPV 6, 11, 16 + 18

Question 36

Who is most at risk of contracting syphilis?

Answer 36

Men (particularly MSM)

Question 37

What is the treatment for syphilis?

Answer 37

Penicillin

Question 38

What type of organism is Trichomonas vaginalis?

Answer 38

Flagellated protozoan

Question 39

Name the organism which causes Trichomoniasis:

Answer 39

Trichomonas vaginalis

Question 40

What are the symptoms of trichomoniasis?

Answer 40

- Thin, frothy discharge - Irritation - Dysuria

Question 41

What is the treatment for trichomoniasis?

Answer 41

Metronidazole

Question 42

What are the symptoms of vulvovaginal candidiasis?

Answer 42

Profuse, white, itchy curd-like discharge

Question 43

What is the treatment for vulvovaginal candidiasis?

Answer 43

- Topical azoles/nystatin | - Oral fluconazole

Question 44

What is the symptom of bacterial vaginosis?

Answer 44

Little but offensive 'fishy' discharge

Question 45

What is the treatment for bacterial vaginosis?

Answer 45

Metronidazole