6.04 Cognitive and observational learning

Question 1

the mental events that take place inside a person’s mind while s/he behaves

Answer 1

cognition

Question 2

Gestalt psychologist interested in learning; discovered latent learning in mice who learned a maze without reinforcement

Answer 2

Edward Tolman

Question 3

mental representations of physical locations; described by Tolman in reference to rats who learned a maze without reinforcement

Answer 3

cognitive/mental map

Question 4

learning that is not immediately used, but saved for a later date when you need the learning or are reinforced for demonstrating the learning

Answer 4

latent learning

Question 5

Gestalt psychologist who studied learning in chimpanzees; discovered insight learning

Answer 5

Wolfgang Köhler

Question 6

the ability to perceive relationships between objects

Answer 6

insight learning

Question 7

branch of psychology that focuses on fulfilling aspects of the human experience, rather than mental disorders

Answer 7

positive psychology

Question 8

founder of positive psychology; discoverer of learned helplessness

Answer 8

Martin Seligman

Question 9

an organism forced to bear aversive stimuli becomes unable/unwilling to avoid subsequent encounters with those stimuli, even if they are escapable

Answer 9

learned helplessness

Question 10

studies in neuroscience show that areas of the ___ are responsible for telling the amygdala which stressors are controllable, and which are not

Answer 10

prefrontal cortex

Question 11

happens when we learn new behaviors by watching the actions of a model

Answer 11

observational learning

Question 12

conducted the famous Bobo doll experiment on observational learning

Answer 12

Albert Bandura

Question 13

four elements of observational learning

Answer 13

attention; memory; imitation; desire