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Government > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Constitution def

A

A set of principals either written of unwritten, that makes up the fundamental law of state

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2
Q

5 principals of the constitution

A
  • limited government: Liberty, Freedoms
  • popular sovereignty:republic(representative gov.)
  • federalism: strong national, individual state
  • checks n balances
  • separation of powers
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3
Q

Declaration of Independence def

A

A document written in 1776 declaring the colonists intention to throw off British rule

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4
Q

Articles of confederation def

A

The government charter of the states from 1777 to 1787

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5
Q

Shays rebellion def

A

An armed attempt by revolutionary war vets to avoid losing their property by preventing the courts in western mass. From meeting

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6
Q

John Locke def

A

A British philosopher whose ideas on civil government greatly influenced the founders

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7
Q

Federalists papers def

A

A series of 85 essays published in New York newspaper to convince New Yorkers to adopted the newly proposed constitution

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8
Q

Virginia plan def

A

A constitutional proposal that the small states representatives feared would give permanent supremacy to the larger states

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9
Q

New Jersey plan def

A

A constitutional proposal that would have given one vote to each state in a new congress

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10
Q

Great compromise def

A

A constitutional proposal that made membership in one house of congress proportional to each states population and membership in the other equal for all states

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11
Q

Constitution convention def

A

A meeting of delegates in Philadelphia in 1787 charged with drawing up Amendments to the articles of confederation

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12
Q

Federalism def

A

A constitutional principle reserving separation of powers to the national and state levels of government

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13
Q

Checks and balances

A

The power of the leg., ex., and jud., branches of gov. to block some acts by the other two branches

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14
Q

Republic def

A

A form of democracy in which leaders and representatives are selected by means of popular competitive elections

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15
Q

Factions

A

Am alliance between different interests groups or parties to achieve some political goal

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16
Q

Inaliable Rights def

A

Rights thought to be based on a nature

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17
Q

Amendments def

A

Change in, or addition to

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18
Q

Coalition def

A

A group of people sharing a common interest who seek to influence public policy for their collective benefit

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19
Q

Judicial review def

A

The power of the courts to declare acts of the leg. And/or ex. Branch unconstitutional and therefore null and void

20
Q

Bill of Rights def

A

The First 10 Amendments to the constitutional

21
Q

Anti federalists def

A

Those who opposed giving as much power to the national government as the constitution did, favoring instead stronger states rights

22
Q

Bill of attainder def

A

A law that would declare a person guilty of a crime without a trial

23
Q

Unit of habeas corpus def

A

A court order requiring police officials to produce an individual held in custody and show sufficient cause for that persons detention

24
Q

Ex post facto law

A

A law that would declare an act criminal after the act was committed

25
Q

Line-item veto def

A

The power of an executive to veto some provisions in a bill while approving other parts

26
Q

John locke’s conception of inalienable rights and the legitimacy of the social contract found its most explicit statement in what?

A

The Declaration of Independence

27
Q

What was the significance of shays rebellion?

A

It demonstrated that congress was weak and unable to respond to crises in an effective manner

28
Q

The 3/5 compromise dealt directly with the issue of what?

A

Apportionment of taxes and seats in the US House of Representatives

29
Q

The anti-federalists opposed ratification of the constitution because they felt that?

A

The national government would be to powerful, threaten the sovereignty of the states, be to weak and ineffective

30
Q

Who persuaded the states to choose their presidential electors on the basis of the popular vote?

A

Andrew Jackson

31
Q

Under the original US constitution, US senators were elected by?

A

State legislatures

32
Q

Marbury vs Madison became the foundation of what

A

Judi also review by the federal courts

33
Q

The principal of checks and balances is based on the notion that?

A

Power must be used to offset power

34
Q

In Federalist 10, James Madison warned against the dangers of ?

A

Factions

35
Q

The senate was initially designed to?

A

Be less responsive to popular pressure

36
Q

What reform occurred during the progressive era?

A

Initiative, referendum, recall election, and primary election

37
Q

Who wrote the federalist papers?

A

James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay

38
Q

What is a check on legislative power in the US system?

A

Congress can overturn a presidential veto with a 3/4 vote by both houses

39
Q

In what way was the government of Pennsylvania an exception among the state governments formed after the revolutionary war?

A

It lacked any separation of powers, and had an all-powerful legislature.

40
Q

In most democracies,

A

Executive and legislative powers are combined in a single body

41
Q

The great compromise dealt with the issue of ?

A

The nature of state representation in congress

42
Q

What state opposed the new union And refused to ratify the constitution until eleven other states had done so and had begun to form the new government?

A

Rhode Island

43
Q

Why was slavery not addressed in the constitution?

A

They feared that abolishing slavery would lead to war, rebellion, and eventually the demise of the new nation

44
Q

Explain the notion of higher law in which the colonists felt they were entitled to? List the rights

A

They believe natural rights were given to them by God & were essential to human progress. They believe that these rights belonged to them and they could not be taken away from them. The rights were life, liberty, property, and pursuit of happiness.

45
Q

How did the Virginia plan and New Jersey plan lead to the great compromise
Compare and contrast the plans

A

Virginia: bicameral and based congress off of population
NewJ: unicameral & congress had 1 per state
GC combined the two plans together to have two houses of congress—one based off of population and the other to equal for all states

Government (8 decks)

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