Spasmolytics - centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxants.

Question 1

Mechanism of the spasmolytics

Answer 1

Usually acting in the CNS

Reduce abnormally elevated tone of the muscles caused by neurologic disorders or muscle end plate disease.

Question 2

What is spasticity

Answer 2

Increased tonic muscle contraction, spasms, and increased stretch reflexes.

Question 3

List the CNS spasmolytics

9

Answer 3

BBCCCTTG

Baclofen

Benzos - Diazepam

CycloBENZaprine

Chlorzoxazone

Carisoprodol

Tizanidine

Tolperisone

Guaifenesin

and Dantrolene

Question 4

Causes of spasticity

Answer 4

SCI
Multiple sclerosis
Strokes
Developmental CNS disorders, cerebral palsy

Question 5

Spasmolytics for chronic use

Answer 5

Baclofen, Diazepam, Tizanidine

and Dantrolene

Question 6

Acute use spasmolytics

What are they typically used to treat?

Answer 6

Guaifenesin
Cyclobenzaprine
Chlorzoxazone
and Dantrolene

Acute muscle injury
They are all totally useless at treating CNS caused spasticity, like SCI or cerebral palsy. (except dantrolene)

Question 7

Cyclobenzaprine side effects

Answer 7

Marked sedation
Antimuscarinic effects
Visual halluciantions

Question 8

Dantrolene MoA

Answer 8

Binds toe the RyR1 receptor. Ryanodine receptor in the Sarcoplasmic reticulum. Decreases Ca++ release.

Question 9

What causes malignant hyperthermia

Answer 9

Most common are the volatile anesthetic gases,
Halothane, sevoflurane, desflurane, isoflurane, enflurane

Also by depolarizing muscle relaxants
Suxamethonium and Decamethonium.