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Para 2 tests > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Which fluke is the largest?

A

F.hepatica (2-3 cm ).

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2
Q

What is the family of Fascicola?

A

Tremadoes.

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3
Q

What is the host spectrum of Fasciola hepatica?

A

Wide, mostly herbivorous mammals + humans.

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4
Q

What are the steps of the lifecycle of F.hepatica?

A

MI- SPO- RE1- RE2- CE.

Miracidium, Sporocysts, Redia, Cercaria

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5
Q

The lifecycle of F.hepatica in Lymnea peregra snail?

A

None is right.

- cannot develop.

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6
Q

How is the lifecycle of F.hepatica?

A

Indirect.

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7
Q

How big is Fasciola hepatica?

A

2-3 cm.

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8
Q

How is the shape of Fasciola hepatica?

A

Leaf-like.

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9
Q

What is another name of Fasciola hepatica?

A

Common liver fluke.

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10
Q

What kind of method is used to detect Fasciola hepatica egg?

A

Sedimentation method or flotation.

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11
Q

Where can you find the adult form of Fasciola hepatica?

A

In the bile duct and gallbladder.

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12
Q

Where can you find the juvenile form of Fasciola hepatica?

A

Penetrates the intestine + migrates to the liver via abd cavity.

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13
Q

What is the 1º intermediate host of F.hepatica?

A

Galba truncatula.

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14
Q

After the death of F.hepatica flukes what can be found?

A

Fibrotic tracts/ necrotic areas in liver.

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15
Q

What are special about the diagnosis of acute Fasciolosis?

A

There are ø eggs in faeces.

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16
Q

How can you treat the Fasciolosis?

A

Treat with Triclabendazol.

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17
Q

What is the main source of heavy fasciolosis?

A

2º biotopes.

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18
Q

What is the size of eggs of F.hepatica?

A

120- 150µm.

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19
Q

Which color of eggs does Fasciola hepatica have?

A

Golden yellow.

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20
Q

What does the Fasciola hepatica eggs contain?

A

Zygote.

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21
Q

What surrounds the egg of the F.hepatica?

A

Granulated yolk.

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22
Q

Zygote containing egg of F.hepatica develops into?

A

Ciliated larva ( miracidium) in H2O usually within 2 weeks.

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23
Q

F.hepatica: in the body of snail the 1st larva turns into?

A

Bladder-like sporocyst.

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24
Q

What happens in the cavity of sporocyst of F.hepatica?

A

3rd larval develops by asexual budding ( paedogenesis).

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25
Q

In which stage dose the F.hepatica shed their tail?

A

Cercariae.

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26
Q

How long takes the migration in the liver parenchyma of F.hepatica?

A

4- 6 weeks.

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27
Q

Approximately how long is the praepatent period of F.hepatica?

A

10 weeks.

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28
Q

What are the definitive hosts of F.hepatica?

A

All kinds of Ru, mainly hollow- horned ones.

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29
Q

What are the most susceptible sp. for Fasciola hepatica?

A

Sheep, goat, rabbit + hare ( artificially: mouse, rat).

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30
Q

What are the moderately susceptible sp. of Fasciola hepatica?

A

Cattle, deer, roe-deer, mouflon, buffalo and camel ( artificially: guinea pig).

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31
Q

What are the least susceptible sp. for Fasciola hepatica?

A

Eq, Sus, dog, cat, humans.

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32
Q

What can be symptoms of acute form of Fasciola hepatica?

A

Rapid weight loss, sudden death.

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33
Q

What colour are the MM in case of subacute Fasciolosis?

A

Pale.

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34
Q

What can be symptoms of sub acute form of Fasciola hepatica?

A

Severe anemia, bottle jaw.

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35
Q

What can be the symptoms of chronic form of F.hepatica?

A

Submandibular oedema, cachexia.

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36
Q

F.hepatica: in case of acute form the young flukes can be foudn in?

A

Parenchyma.

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37
Q

F.hepatica: in case of chrinic form the flukes can be found?

A

In the biliary ducts + gallbladder.

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38
Q

How big if Fascioloides magna?

A

2- 10 cm.

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39
Q

What is another name for Fascioloides magna?

A

Large liver fluke.

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40
Q

What is the size of Fascioloides magna eggs?

A

110- 160 µm.

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41
Q

Does the eggs of Fascioloides magna contains zygote?

A

Yes.

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42
Q

Mixed infections with F.magna + F.hepatica can occur in?

A

Cattle.

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43
Q

What is the definite host of Fascioloides magna?

A

Deer.

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44
Q

What is the aberran host of Fascioloides magna?

A

Sheep, goat.

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45
Q

What is the paratenic host of Fascioloides magna?

A

Cattle.

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46
Q

What are the stepd of the lifecycle in rumen fluke?

A

MI- SPO- RE1- CE.

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47
Q

Where does the development take place for paramphistomid?

A

On land + in H2O.

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48
Q

How is the lifecycle of rumen flukes?

A

Indirect.

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49
Q

Which snail sp. is amphibious?

A

Planorbis sp.

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50
Q

How long is the praepatent period of rumen flukes?

A

16- 18 weeks.

51
Q

Where can you find immature rumen flukes?

A

Duodenum + abomasum.

52
Q

Juvenile form of rumen flukes is found in?

A

Duodenum.

53
Q

What color does the eggs of rumen flukes have?

A

Colorless.

54
Q

What is special about the juvenile rumen flukes?

A

They never leave the intestinal canal during their route from small intestine to forestomach.

55
Q

What is the intermediate host of the rumen flukes?

A

Galba truncatula for Calicophoron sp. + shells of planorbids act as intermediate hosts for Paramphistomum sp.

56
Q

what is the habitat for the intermediate host of rumen flukes?

A

They have a wide range of habitats.

57
Q

In which animals is the rumen fluke common?

A

Wild animals.

58
Q

What is the genus name for rumen fluke?

A

Calicophoron.

59
Q

Where does the rumen fluke take place?

A

Rumen + reticulum.

60
Q

What is the size of the rumen fluke?

A

1- 2 cm.

61
Q

What is the shape of rumen fluke?

A

Bean- like/conical.

62
Q

What are the symptoms of acute/ intestinal rumen paramphistomatiodsis?

A

Profuse diarrhoea, anorexia, intense thirst, rectal hemorrhage followed by straining anemia, oedema, emaciation, death.

63
Q

What are the symptoms of chronic or umen paramphistomatidosis?

A

ø symptoms.

64
Q

How can you diagnose chronic rumen fluke infections?

A

Sedimentation.

65
Q

Adult rumen flukes are found during acute paramphistomatidosis?

A

Nowhere, because adult rumen flukes aren’t present in acute form.

66
Q

To diagnose rumen fluke we can use?

A

Sedimentation method or flotation.

67
Q

How can you diagnose acute form of rumen fluke?

A

ø eggs in faeces, juvenile flukes in faeces + microscopy.

68
Q

How can you diagnose the chronic form?

A

Faecal egg count + necroscopy.

69
Q

How to treat the acute form of rumen flukes?

A

Stop grazing, fluke- free pastures + use Niclosamide- against immature intestinal stages.

70
Q

How to treat the chronic form of rumen flukes?

A

Levamizol, oxikolzanid.

71
Q

What is the main difference between eggs of rumen fluke + F.hepatica?

A

Colour.

72
Q

What is the size of eggs of lancet flukes?

A

40- 48 µm long.

73
Q

Which fluke is the smallest?

A

Dicrocoelium dendriticum ( 0.5- 1 cm).

74
Q

You can find 40- 50 µm sized, brownish eggs in fecal sample. They are the eggs of?

A

Dicrocoelium dendriticum.

75
Q

Which fluke sp. develops with 2 intermediate hosts?

A

Dicrocoelium dendriticum.

76
Q

What is the development of Dicrocoelium dendriticum in ants?

A

CE- ME.

77
Q

The life cycle of Dicrocoelium dendriticum in snails?

A

MI- SPO1- SPO2- RE- CE.

78
Q

When is the miracidium able to hatch in lancet flukes?

A

IF the egg is consumed by a landsnail.

79
Q

Acute form was never mentioned in?

A

Dicrocoeliosis.

80
Q

Where does the larva of lancet fluke hatch?

A

In the intestines of snails.

81
Q

Where does the larca of lancet fluke develops?

A

In body cavity of intermediate host to sporocyst.

82
Q

What does the sporocyst of lancet fluke produce?

A

Several generations of other sporocysts.

83
Q

Cercariae of lancet fluke have a sharp spine on tip of head, what is it called?

A

Stylet.

84
Q

How does the cercariae of lancet fluke leave snail?

A

With the expelled mucus.

85
Q

Where does juvenile lancet flukes develop into adults?

A

Liver, through biliary ducts.

86
Q

Approxiamtely how long is the praepatent period in lancet flukes?

A

About 7- 9 weeks.

87
Q

What is the intermediate host of lancet flukes?

A

Small landsnails may act as 1st intermediate host.

88
Q

For how long does the infected snail survive in lancet flukes?

A

1- 4 years.

89
Q

What is the 2nd intermediate host of lancet flukes?

A

Ants.

90
Q

How long does the infected ants of lancet flukes survive for?

A

Max 1 year.

91
Q

Which biotope is important in dicrocoeliosis?

A

None.

-ø 1º/2º.

92
Q

Where does Schistosomatidosis ( blood fluke disease) occur?

A

In v.

93
Q

how is the male of Schistosomiasis?

A

Broad, flat + inwardly curved forming a groove/.

94
Q

How big is the Schistosomiasis?

A

0.5- 3.0 cm long.

95
Q

How is the lifecycle of Schistosomiasis?

A

MI- SPO1- SPO2- CE.

96
Q

What is the infective stage of Schistosomiasis?

A

Furcocercaria.

97
Q

How is the shape of Schistosomiasis?

A

Thread- like.

98
Q

Which of the Schistosoma is most pathologic?

A

Japonicum.

99
Q

Which of the Schistosoma id the biggest?

A

Female.

100
Q

Schistosoma bovis occurs in which sp.?

A

Cattle, sheep + goat.

101
Q

Schistosoma bovis can be found in?

A

Portal, mesenteric + urogenital veins.

102
Q

Schistosoma mattheei occurs in which sp.?

A

Domestic + wild Ru., zebra + occasionally humans.

103
Q

Schistosoma mattheei can be found in?

A

Intestinal, hepatic + bladder veins.

104
Q

Schistosoma japonicum can be found in?

A

Portal + mesenteric veins.

105
Q

Schistosoma japonicum occurs in which sp.?

A

Most domestic + wild animals + humans.

106
Q

Schisto soma mansoni occurs in which sp.?

A

Humans.

107
Q

Schistosoma mansoni will cause?

A

Bladder schistosomiasis.

108
Q

Schistosoma haematobium will cause?

A

Urinary/bladder schistosomiasis.

109
Q

How big are the eggs of Schistosomiasis?

A

130- 280 mm.

110
Q

How is the shape of Schistosomiasis?

A

Spindle- shaped/ spiny.

111
Q

What does the eggs of Schistosomiasis contain?

A

Miracidium when passed out in faeces/ urine.

112
Q

What are characteristics about eggs of Schistosomiasis?

A

They are covered in microbarbs, which cling to vascular endothelium.

113
Q

During acute infection of Schistosomiasis what does cercariae do?

A

Penetrate skin + causes rash.

114
Q

Eggs of Schistosomiasis, which is laid in target organs, release Ag + will cause?

A

Katayama fever.

115
Q

How can you treat Schixtosomiasis?

A

Praziquantel.

116
Q

Alariosis is ø very common in?

A

Dogs + cats, but prevalence in wild Car.

117
Q

How big is the Alaria alata?

A

2- 6mm.

118
Q

How many intermediate hosts does the Alaria alata have?

A

2.

119
Q

What are the intermediate hosts of Alaria alata?

A

Snails + Tadpoles.

120
Q

What are the paratenic hosts ( mesocercaria) of Alaria alata?

A

Wild boar, Sus, poultry, human.

121
Q

How can you diagnose Alariosis?

A

Sedimentation, flotation + necroscopy.

122
Q

What is the color of Alaria alata?

A

yellow.

123
Q

How can you treat Alariosis?

A

Praziquantel.

Para 2 tests (9 decks)

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