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Diagnostic Sonography > Chapter 9 The Vascular System > Flashcards

Chapter 9 The Vascular System Flashcards

1
Q

Tiny arteries and veins that supply the walls of blood vessels

A

Vasa Vasorum

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2
Q

Inner layer of the vascular system

A

Tunica intima

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3
Q

Minute vessels that connect the arterial and venous systems

A

Capillaries

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4
Q

Communication between two blood vessels without any intervening capillary network

A

Anastomosis

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5
Q

Outer layer of the vascular system, contains the vasa vasorum

A

Tunica adventitia

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6
Q

Middle layer of the vascular system; veins have thinner tunica media than arteries

A

Tunic media

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7
Q

Arises from the posterolateral wall of the aorta travels posterior to the inferior vena cava to supply the kidney

A

Right renal artery

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8
Q

Arises from the celiac axis to supply the stomach and lower third of the esophagus

A

Left gastric artery

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9
Q

Supplies the gall bladder via the cystic artery

A

Right hepatic artery

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10
Q

Vascular structures that carry blood away from the heart

A

Arteries

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11
Q

Arises from the celiac trunk to supply the liver

A

Common hepatic artery

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12
Q

Supplies the stomach

A

Right gastric artery

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13
Q

Branch of the common hepatic artery that supplies the stomach and duodenum

A

Gastroduodenal artery

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14
Q

Arises inferior to the celiac axis to supply the proximal half of the colon and the small intestine

A

SMA

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15
Q

The abdominal aorta bifurcates at the level of the umbilicus into these, which supply blood to the lower extremities

A

Common Iliac arteries

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16
Q

Arises from the anterior aortic wall at the level of the third or fourth lumbar vertebra to supply the left transverse colon, descending colon sigmoid colon and rectum

A

IMA

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17
Q

Arises from the posterolateral wall of the aorta directly into the hilus of the kidney

A

Left renal artery

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18
Q

Largest arterial structure in the body arises from the left ventricle to supply blood to the head upper and lower extremities and abdominopelvic cavity

A

Aorta

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19
Q

Small branch supplying the caudate and left lobes of the liver

A

Left hepatic artery

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20
Q

Arises from the celiac axis to supply the spleen pancreas stomach and greater omentum

A

Splenic artery

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21
Q

Drains the spleen travels horizontally across abdomen

A

splenic vein

22
Q

Collaspsible vascular structures that carry blood back to the heart

A

Veins

23
Q

Formed by the union of the SMV and spenic vein near the porta hepatis of the liver

A

Portal vein

24
Q

Drains the left third of the colon and upper colon and joins the splenic vein

A

IMV

25
Q

Drains the proximal half of the colon and small intestine travels verically(anterior to the IVC) to join the splenic to form the portal veins

A

SMV

26
Q

Three large veins that drain the liver and empty into the IVC at the level of the diaphragm

A

Hepatic veins

27
Q

Leaves the renal hilum travels anterior to the aorta and posterior to the SMA to enter the lateral wall of the IVC

A

Left renal vein

28
Q

Largest venous abdominal vessel that conveys blood from the body below the diaphragm to the right atrium of the heart

A

IVC

29
Q

Leaves the renal hilum to enter the lateral wall of the IVC

A

Right renal vein

30
Q

Disease of the arterial vessels marked by thickening

A

Arteriosclerosis

31
Q

Condition in which the aortic wall becomes irregular from plaque formation

A

Atherosclerosis

32
Q

Tear in the intima or media of the abdominal aorta

A

Dissecting aneurysm

33
Q

Permanent localized dilatation of an artery with an increase of 1.5 times its normal diameter

A

Aneurysm

34
Q

Periportal collateral channels in patients with chronic portal vein obstruction

A

Cavernous transformation of the portal vein

35
Q

Circumferential enlargement of a vessel with tapering at both ends

A

Fusiform aneurysm

36
Q

Weakening of the arterial wall

A

Cystic medial necrosis

37
Q

Pulsatile hematoma that results from leakage of blood into soft tissue abutting the punctured artery with fibrous encapsulation and failure of the vessel wall to heal

A

Pseudoaneurysm

38
Q

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt

A

TIPS

39
Q

Most commonly results from intrinsic liver disease however also results from obstruction of the portal vein hepatic veins IVC or prolonged congestive heart failure may cause flow reversal to the liver thrombosis of the portal system or cavernous transformation of the portal vein

A

Portal venous hypertension

40
Q

Communication between an artery and a vein

A

Arteriovenous fistula

41
Q

Localized dilatation of the vessel

A

Saccular aneurysm

42
Q

Thrombosis of the hepatic veins

A

Budd Chiari syndrome

43
Q

Hereditary disorder of connective tissue bones muscles ligaments and skeletal structures

A

Marfan syndrome

44
Q

Permanent dilation of an artery that forms when tensile strength of the arterial wall decreases

A

True aneurysm

45
Q

Vessels that have high diastlic component and supply organs that need constant perfusion

A

Nonresistive

46
Q

Flow toward the liver

A

Hepatopetal

47
Q

Peak systole minus peak diatle divided by peak systole

A

Resistive Index

48
Q

Flow away from the liver

A

Hepatofugal

49
Q

Vessels that have little or reversed flow in diastole and supply organs that do not need a constant blood supply

A

Resistive

50
Q

Increased turbulence is seen within the spectal tracing that indicates flow disturbance

A

Spectal broadening

51
Q

Sonographer selects the exact site to record Doppler signals and sets the sample volume (gate) at this site.

A

Doppler sample volume

Diagnostic Sonography (13 decks)

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