Nucleic Acids Flashcards

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1
Q

What is dna and what does it do

A

Carries genetic information which is passed on features of an organism from one generation to the next

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2
Q

What is the nucleotide structure

A

A phosphate group
Deoxyribose
Bitrogen containing organic base

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3
Q

How are nucleotides made

A

Comdesnation reaction between organic base and phosphate group and deoxyribose

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4
Q

How do two nucleotides join together

A

Condensation reaction between the deoxyribose of one mononucleotude and the phosphate group of another nucleotide forming a phosphodiester bond

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5
Q

What is rna

A

A single short strand on nucleotide containing three things
One type of rams transfers dna to ribosomes = mRNA
Ribosomes are made from rna
Third type is involved in protein synthessis tRNA

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6
Q

How do two strands form in dna

A

The two strands are joined together by hydrogen bonds which form between certain bases

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7
Q

What is base pairing

A

The bases on the two strands of dna starch to each other by hydrogen bonds which hold the two strands together

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8
Q

What can the nucleotide also be referred to as

A

The backbone of dna

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9
Q

What are the two reasons why dna is stable

A

Phosphodiester backbone protects the more chemically reactive organic basis with the double helix
There are three hydrogen bonds that form between c and g base pairs so the higher the proportion of bonds the more stable the dna

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10
Q

What is dna responsibility

A

Passing genetic material from cell to cell and generationto generation

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11
Q

What 5 brief ways is dna molecule adapted for its function

A
Stable structure
Separate strands
Extremely large molecule
Base pairs within helical structures
Base pairing weak hydrogen bonds
Helix cooled so compact
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12
Q

What the purpose of being stable

A

Very stable and passes from generation. Without change rarely mutates

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13
Q

Importance of two separate strands

A

Only joined with hydrogen bonds which allow them to deprecate during dna replication and protein synthesis

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14
Q

Importance of being large

A

Carries an immense amount of genetic material

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15
Q

Base pairs within importance

A

Protects from extreme net physical and chemical substances or forces

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16
Q

What does base pairing do

A

Lead to dna being able to replicate and transfer info as mRNA