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Abeka Book American Government > Test 6 (Final Exam) > Flashcards

Test 6 (Final Exam) Flashcards

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1
Q

the proportional distribution of congressional seats among the states

A

apportionment

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2
Q

the secret ballot

A

Australian ballot

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3
Q

a proposed new law

A

bill

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4
Q

powers given explicitly to Congress by the constitution

A

expressed powers

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5
Q

according to Charles Shuman, the price of socialism

A

freedom

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6
Q

the characteristics and traditions that have been handed down by our ancestors

A

heritage

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7
Q

the power to veto part of a bill without rejecting an entire bill

A

item veto

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8
Q

the armed citizenry

A

militia

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9
Q

the process whereby a person changes citizenship from one country to another

A

naturalization

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10
Q

gives Congress the authority to put into operation both the expressed and implied powers

A

“necessary and proper” clause

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11
Q

the highest number of votes won, but less than a majority

A

plurality

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12
Q

past decisions involving similar court cases

A

precedents

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13
Q

an election in which voters approve or reject a proposed amendment

A

referendum

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14
Q

presidential rejection of a bill

A

veto

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15
Q

a love for one’s country and a loyalty to that country

A

patriotism

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16
Q

Romans 14:34

A

Righteousness exalted a nation; but sin is a reproach to any people.

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17
Q

What verse promises success and prosperity to the person who meditates upon and obeys God’s word?

A

Joshua 1:8

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18
Q

What is the first foundational civil ordinance?

A

capital punishment

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19
Q

a private meeting of political party members to decide on policy or to choose candidates

A

caucus

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20
Q

What kind of commands by the President have the force of law?

A

executive orders

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21
Q

a large, complex organization made up of appointed officials

A

bureaucracy

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22
Q

Who wrote the “Star Spangled Banner”?

A

Francis Scott Key

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23
Q

In what form of government does the ruler exercise unlimited authority and usually inherits his position?

A

absolute monarchy

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24
Q

In what form of government does the ruler maintain absolute control of all aspects of society through coercion and subjection of the individual to the state?

A

totalitarian dictatorship

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25
Q

What term means a crime so serious that it is punishable by death?

A

capital crime

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26
Q

Name three primary roles of the President.

A

commander in chief, chief legislator, chief of state

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27
Q

Who was responsible for the final draft of the Declaration of Independence?

A

Thomas Jefferson

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28
Q

America’s first national constitution

A

Articles of Confederation

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29
Q

chairman of the Constitutional Convention

A

George Washington

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30
Q

members of Parliament who supported the American colonists

A

William Pitt the Elder, Edmund Burke

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31
Q

wrote the final draft of the U.S. Constitution

A

Gouverneur Morris

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32
Q

presides over the Senate when the Vice President is absent?

A

president pro tempore or president pro term

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33
Q

placed the king under the law for the first time in English history

A

Magna Carta

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34
Q

formulated the basic ideas of Communism

A

Karl Marx

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35
Q

laid the foundation for the right to trial by jury

A

Henry II

36
Q

“Father of the Constitution”?

A

James Madison

37
Q

government system in which the central government is subordinate to the states

A

confederacy

38
Q

the forerunner to the written constitution in America

A

Mayflower Compact

39
Q

strictly limited the power of the English monarch after 1689

A

English Bill of Rights

40
Q

Supreme Court case that asserted the right of judicial review

A

Marbury v. Madison

41
Q

the chief justice who ruled in the Marbury v. Madison case

A

John Marshall

42
Q

describes a statement of an individual citizen’s legal privileges

A

bill of rights

43
Q

refers to an instance in which the Supreme Court goes beyond the Constitution to change societal behavior by interpreting the Constitution to mean what the justices want it to mean

A

judicial activism

44
Q

the most active level of the federal judiciary courts

A

District courts

45
Q

a brief that is filed by individuals who are not parties in a particular case but still have an interest in the case’s outcome

A

amicus curiae

46
Q

the Chief Justice under whom the Supreme Court adopted the philosophy of judicial activism

A

Earl Warren

47
Q

when the Supreme Court interprets and applies the Constitution according to the original understanding of how who wrote and ratified it

A

judicial restraint

48
Q

monies the national government gives to state or local governments for some designated purpose

A

federal grant

49
Q

the most common type of county board

A

board of commissioners

50
Q

refers to the right of the Supreme Court to declare a law, or action based upon that law, unconstitutional

A

judicial review

51
Q

the only state to have a unicameral legislature

A

Nebraska

52
Q

refers to the division of power among the governments within a nation

A

federalism

53
Q

The Supreme Court’s ruling int his case gave a broader interpretation of Congress’ power to regulate commerce

A

Gibbons v. Ogden

54
Q

when a federal law supersedes or overrides a similar state law

A

preemption

55
Q

The Supreme Court case that established the doctrine of implied powers

A

McCulloch v. Maryland

56
Q

the state office that can be compared to that of Vice President

A

lieutenant government

57
Q

generally a court of last resort within a state

A

state Supreme Court

58
Q

established legislative branch

A

Article I

59
Q

established executive branch

A

Article II

60
Q

established judicial branch

A

Article III

61
Q

outlines the relationship among the states and between the national government and the states

A

Article IV

62
Q

establishes the process for amending the Constitution

A

Article V

63
Q

declares the Constitution to be the “supreme law of the land”

A

Article VI

64
Q

guarantees the right to keep and bear arms

A

Amendment 2

65
Q

protects against unreasonable and unlawful searches without a warrant

A

Amendment 4

66
Q

guarantees a “speedy and public trial” in criminal cases

A

Amendment 6

67
Q

forbids cruel and unusual punishments

A

Amendment 8

68
Q

reserves powers not delegated to the national government for the states and the people

A

Amendment 10

69
Q

provided for a federal income tax

A

Amendment 16

70
Q

provided for the direct election of senators

A

Amendment 17

71
Q

prohibited the production, sale, or transport of alcoholic beverages

A

Amendment 18

72
Q

grants women the right to vote

A

Amendment 19

73
Q

the largest unit of local government in most states

A

county

74
Q

What Supreme Court case opened the door for federal court regulation of state apportionment?

A

Baker v. Carr

75
Q

refers to the rules that govern the use of money granted to the states by the national government

A

mandates

76
Q

What does the first Amendment guarantee?

A

freedom of the press; freedom of the assembly; freedom of speech

77
Q

represents a special interest group before a political body

A

lobbyist

78
Q

refers to a system where able-bodied men are required to join a particular branch of the nation’s armed forces for a certain period of time

A

conscription

79
Q

process by which voters propose an amendment to a state constitution

A

initiative

80
Q

single most important source of revenue for state governments today

A

sales tax

81
Q

describes a person’s allegiance to a country or full membership and participation in its political and social institutions

A

citizenship

82
Q

local voicing district that also serves as the basic unit of American political party organization

A

precinct

83
Q

primary election in which a voter must register with a party and vote only for candidates in that party

A

closed primary

84
Q

oldest, most widely used form of city government

A

mayor-council form

85
Q

chief source of income for local governments

A

property tax

Abeka Book American Government (19 decks)

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