(8) Extralinguistic Cognitive Considerations

Question 1

Researchers have examined 2 areas pertaining to memory. What are they?

Answer 1

1. Interventions to address STM or WM impairments
2. Space retrieval and errorless lerning training protocols to foster learning and recall of language targets

STM- Short term memory. WM-Working memory

Question 2

Studies of conduction aphasia have shown that verbal short term memory is critical for:

Answer 2

processing syntactically complex sentences

Question 3

A number of treatments have been develop to improve verbal STM or WM, and in turn, language abilities in PWA. What has treatment involved?

Answer 3

Treatment has involved sentence, word and nonword, or a combination of word and sentence repetition.

Question 4

This type of attention allows a person to focus on one thing despite competing internal and external stimuli

Answer 4

Selective or focused attention

Question 5

T/F Salis et al. suggested that spoke repletion may be an essential component of STM-focused aphasia treatments, given the know role of rehearsal in boosting STM capacity

Answer 5

True

Question 6

This type of attention allows a person to maintain attention over long periods of time.

Answer 6

Sustained attention

Question 7

The link between memory and aphasia likely reflect;

Answer 7

The central role of working memory in language processing

Question 8

The ability to switch attention from one task to another in an accurate and timely fashion.

Answer 8

Attention switching

Question 9

Research has indicated that the onset of aphasia can be accompanied by difficulties in one or a combination of executive functions including:

Answer 9

Planning, problem solving, disinhibition, problems detecting and following rules, and poor error awareness

Question 10

Mayer and Murray explored the treatment of a different time of memory training in an individual with what type of aphasia?
1. Broca’s
2. Wernicke’s
3. Anomic
4. Global

Answer 10

3. Anomic

Question 11

Advanced attention ability that allows the person to perform more than one task at a time.

Answer 11

Divided attention

Question 12

This type of memory can be described as a sticky note or hamster wheel

Answer 12

Working memory

Question 13

This type of memory is consciously acquired and can be verbalized

Answer 13

Declarative

Question 14

What is the n-back task that Mayer and Murray used?

Answer 14

This required consistent updating of WM representations to be utilized by several research groups as a treatment method of individuals with aphasia. (can be computerized)

Question 15

This type of memory is and retrieved subconsciously. It’s not easily verbalized.

Answer 15

Nondeclarative

Question 16

Which subsystem holds temporary verbal information

Answer 16

phonological loop

Question 17

Who created a treatment for mild conduction aphasia, involving 8 different tasks with auditory stimuli?
1. Mayer and Murray
2. Salis, Warenburger, and Zakarias
3. Geels & Essig
4. Vallat and colleagues

Answer 17

4. Valley and colleagues

Question 18

Which subsystem holds temporary nonlinguistic information

Answer 18

visuospatial sketchpad

Question 19

What accounts for the multimodal and chronological nature of some memories

Answer 19

Episodic buffer

Question 20

What are the common storage strategies for memory

Answer 20

rehearsal/repetition, chunking, categorizing, association, and verbal mediation.

Question 21

T/F Dr. Geels middle name is Grace

Answer 21

False!

Question 22

T/F Common retrieval strategies for memory are alphabet search and retracing steps

Answer 22

True