8 - Global Media Culture

Question 1

The plural for medium

Answer 1

Media

Question 2

a means to convey something, such as a channel of communication. This term came into popular usage because a word was needed to talk about a new social
issue.

Answer 2

Media

Question 3

This person divided media into three periods: oral, print and electronic.

Answer 3

Harold Innis (1950)

Question 4

Harold Innis (1950) divided media into three periods:

Answer 4

oral, print and electronic.

Question 5

This person added digital to Harold Innis’ periods of media.

Answer 5

James Lull (2000)

Question 6

James Lull (2000) added ___ to Harold Innis’ periods of media.

Answer 6

digital

Question 7

This person places the script before the printing press and breaks down the electronic period into wired and wireless, for six periods

Answer 7

Terhi Rantanen (2005)

Question 8

___ is often the most overlooked medium in histories of globalization

Answer 8

Speech

Question 9

___ is the oldest and most enduring of all media

Answer 9

the oral medium or human speech

Question 10

How did the medium of language aid globalization?

Answer 10

Language allows humans to cooperate. Sharing information about tools and weapons led to the spread of technology.

Question 11

___ helped humans move, but it also helped them settle down.

Answer 11

Language

Question 12

___ stored and transmitted important agricultural information across time as one generation passed on its knowledge to the next, leading to the creation of villages and
towns

It also led to markets, trades of goods and services, and eventually into cross-continental trade routes

Answer 12

Language

Question 13

Language was essential but imperfect. ___ causes trouble in oral communication.

Answer 13

Distance

Question 14

the very first writing–allowed humans to communicate and share knowledge and ideas
over much larger spaces and across much longer times.

Answer 14

Script

Question 15

___ has its own evolution and developed from cave paintings, petroglyphs, and hieroglyphs.

Answer 15

Writing

Question 16

Writing has its own evolution and developed from:

Answer 16

cave paintings, petroglyphs, and hieroglyphs.

Question 17

Writing was done at first as carvings into:

Answer 17

wood, clay, bronze, bones, stone, and even tortoise shells.

Question 18

___ allowed for the written and permanent codification of economic, cultural, religious, and political practices. These codes could then be spread out over large distances and handed down through time.

Answer 18

Scripts

Question 19

It started the “information revolution” and transformed markets, businesses, nations, schools, churches, governments, armies, and more.

Answer 19

Printing Press

Question 20

Prior to the ___, the production and copying of written documents was slow, cumbersome, and expensive.

Answer 20

printing press

Question 21

___ and ___ were practices of the ruling and religious elite.

Answer 21

Reading and writing

Question 22

The ___ and ___ controlled information.

Answer 22

rich and powerful

Question 23

Literacy followed, and the literacy of common people was revolutionized every aspect of
Life.

Two overarching consequences:

Answer 23

1. The printing press changed the very nature of knowledge.
2. Print encouraged the challenge of political and religious authority because of its ability to
   circulate competing views.

Question 24

Beginning of the ___ century, a host of new media would revolutionize the ongoing processes of globalization.

Answer 24

19th

Question 25

Why is it called electronic media?

Answer 25

because they require electromagnetic energy (electricity) to use.

Question 26

These are the usual media collected under electronic media:

Answer 26

Telegraph, telephone, radio, film, and television

Question 27

___ are most often electronic media that rely on digital codes–the long arcane combinations of 0s and 1s that represent information.

Answer 27

Digital media

Question 28

Can many of our earlier media, such as phones and televisions, can now be considered digital.?

Answer 28

Yes

Question 29

The ___ is the usual representation of digital media. It comes as the latest, and the most significant medium to influence globalization.

Answer 29

computer

Question 30

The media are helping to bring about a fundamentally new imaginary. What scholar ___ called a rising global imaginary - the globe itself as an imagined community.

Question 31

The media are helping to bring about a fundamentally new imaginary. What scholar Manfred Steger (2008) called a ___ - the globe itself as an imagined community.

Answer 31

rising global imaginary

Question 32

Indeed, the media have made economic globalization possible by:

Answer 32

creating the conditions for global capitalism and by promoting the conceptual foundation of the world’s market economy.

Question 33

Some argue that ___ now rise in prominence in our age of globalization.

Answer 33

transnational political actors

Question 34

though media corporations are themselves powerful political actors, individual ___ are subject to brutal and intense intimidation as more actors contend for power. There has never been a more dangerous time to work in media.

Answer 34

journalists

Question 35

In the age of political globalization, the opposite hypothesis appears to be true:

Answer 35

governments shape and manipulate the news.

Question 36

Officials around the world are extremely successful at influencing and molding the news so that it ___

Answer 36

builds support for their domestic and foreign policies.