8: Hand

Question 1

CM joints- type?

Answer 1

plane except thumb saddle (btw triquetrium & 5th MCP)

Question 2

MP joints - type

Answer 2

condyloid

Question 3

IP joints - type

Answer 3

hinge

Question 4

Fracture of the base of the thumb is called ..?

Answer 4

Bennett fracture (Defined as an intra-articular two-part fracture)

Question 5

Causes of Bennett fracture?

Answer 5

resulting from forced abduction
(dorsolateral displacement) of the first
metacarpal by abductor pollicis longus

Question 6

When an intra-articular fracture of the 1st metacarpal is comminuted, producing at least three parts, it is referred to as a …………….. which has a worse prognosis.

Answer 6

Rolando fracture

Question 7

Each phalanx has a base, shaft and head
- base articulates with ….
- head articulates with ….

Answer 7

• base = with MCP
• head = with phalanx

Question 8

Sesamoid bones within the tendons of …….. & ………

Answer 8

adductor pollicis and flexor pollicis brevis

Question 9

Carpal bones proximal row

Question 10

Carpal bones distal row

Question 11

What are the nerves respective to the colors?

Answer 11

Red = ulnar nerve
Blue = radial nerve
Yellow = median N.

Question 12

dorsal venous arch give origin to …. vein laterally & ….. vein medially

Answer 12

Cephalic = lateral
Basilic = medial

Question 13

……………. joins the cephalic vein to the basilic vein in the superficial fascia of the cubital fossa.

Answer 13

Median cubital vein

Question 14

Lateral side: Empty into ……….. nodes which then drain to the apical nodes of the axilla

Answer 14

infraclavicular

Question 15

Medial side: of the hand and forearm can drain directly into the …….. nodes or to the cubital (supratrochlear) nodes before draining in the …….. nodes

Answer 15

lateral group of axillary nodes

Question 16

Surface and Superficial Features of the Hand (slide)

Answer 16

Question 17

Fibrous band from skin to deep fascia attached to flexor retinaculum proximally.

Answer 17

Palmar Aponeurosis

Question 18

Palmar Aponeurosis
A. Apex
B. Base

Answer 18

A. Its apex continuous with the lower margin of
the transverse carpal ligament, and receives the expanded
tendon of the palmaris longus (it is continuous with it).

B. Distally, its base divides below into four slips extending to each finger

Question 19

Palmar aponeurosis central portion gives origin by its medial margin to what muscle?

Answer 19

palmaris brevis.

Question 20

Function of palmar aponeurosis

Answer 20

• Protects the underlying arteries
• Provides a firm attachment to the overlying skin to improve the grip

Question 21

localized thickening of the palmar aponeurosis (medial part of the palmar aponeurosis undergoes progressive shortening)

Answer 21

Dupuytren’s Contracture

Question 22

Dupuytren’s Contracture commonly starts near the root of the …(a).. finger and draws that finger into the palm, flexing it at the …(b)… joint. Later, the condition involves the …(c)… finger in the same manner.

Answer 22

(a) ring finger
(b) metacarpophalangeal (MCP joint)
(c) little finger

Question 23

At long standing cases of Dupuytren’s Contracture, what joints are involved?

Answer 23

MCP and PIP too
DIP not involved

Question 24

It is a modified deep fascia present opposite to the level of carpal bones. Functionally it holds the long flexor tendons in their position during movement at the wrist joint.

Answer 24

Flexor retinaculum of the Hand

Question 25

Flexor retinaculum attachments medially & laterally

Answer 25

Question 26

Structures superficial & deep to flexor retinaculum

Answer 26

Question 27

Ulnar nerve location/ pathway

Answer 27

Enters cubital tunnel posterior to the medial epicondyle (elbow)

Question 28

Common location of the ulnar nerve injury resulting in ……….. syndrome.

Answer 28

cubital tunnel syndrome

Question 29

To be continued ‼️‼️‼️

Answer 29

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