8.3 Beyond earth

Question 1

From the UK’s power station to step up transformer how much voltage is produced?

Answer 1

25000v

Question 2

How much voltage and hz do our homes recieve

Answer 2

230v 50hz A.C

Question 3

What type of voltage is an appliance with a battery?

Answer 3

direct

Question 4

Plug components?

Answer 4

The live wire (brown) and neutral wire (blue) make a complete circuit with your appliance. The earth wire (green and yellow) it not connected to your mains but is connected to a large metal pole outside your house.

Question 5

What is red shift?

Answer 5

When a light source moves away from you, the wavelength of the light increases and the frequency decreases.

Question 6

What does it mean if a source is moving faster?

Answer 6

The red shift is bigger

Question 7

What does it mean if the source is moving towards you?

Answer 7

The light is blue-shifted

Question 8

What is in our solar system?

Answer 8

Planets, The sun, Moons, Comets and minor planets`

Question 9

How was the sun formed?

Answer 9

A huge cloud of dust and hydrogen gas that gravity pulled together.
When the central core got very hot and the particles eventually moved fast enough for nuclear fusion to occur.

Question 10

What is the lifecycle of stars like the sun and other big stars

Answer 10

Nebula - protostar - main sequence - red giant - white dwarf - Black dwarf

Question 11

How is a black hole or neutron star formed?

Answer 11

Nebula - protostar - main sequence - red super giant - Supernova - Blackhole/neutron star

Question 12

what is a nebula?

Answer 12

a huge collection of hydrogen gas from a cloud-like structure.

Question 13

What is a protostar?

Answer 13

A cloud of gas joined by gravity that hasnt produced its own energy yet.

Question 14

What is the main sequence?

Answer 14

When heat created by nuclear fission provides an outward pressure to balance the force of gravity pulling inward

Question 15

How does a nebulae become a star

Answer 15

when clouds of gas join together in gravity that has not yet produced its own energy

Question 16

What is a red giant?

Answer 16

A star that used up all the hydrogen in its core and is using helium as a fuel

Question 17

What is a white dwarf?

Answer 17

A very dense star that is not very bright.

Question 18

What is a comet?

Answer 18

An icy ball of rock and ice orbiting the sun in the solar system

Question 19

What is a meteor?

Answer 19

A streak of light seen when a fragment of rock burns up in the earths atmosphere.

Question 20

What is a galaxy

Answer 20

Large group of stars

Question 21

Why does the force of gravity change the velocity of the object and not the speed?

Answer 21

Gravity always acts to the centre of the planet. This is at right angles to its velocity and the force changes the direction of motion.

Question 22

What happens if the speed of an object changes? (In space)

Answer 22

If it increases the object will fly off. If it slowed down, it would accelerate towards the sun

Question 23

Explain the intensity and wavelength distribution of radiation emitted by an object depends on its temperature?

Answer 23

A hotter object emits more radiation of a higher frequency and less radiation of a lower frequency

Question 24

Structure of the earth

Answer 24

inner core - outer core - Mantle and the crust (the only liquid things are the inner and outer core)

Question 25

What are p waves and s waves?

Answer 25

A primary and secondary wave.
P waves are longitudinal waves
S waves are transverse waves

Question 26

Properties of p waves and s waves?

Answer 26

P waves can travel through solids and liquids but S waves cant travel through liquids.