L60- Stereochemistry Flashcards
what are the types of isomers?
- constitutional isomers
- configuration isomers
- conformation isomers
what are the properties of a constitutional isomers?
-they have the same structure and molecular formula
-can contain different functional groups
atoms bonded in diff order
what are the properties of a configurational isomers?
Isomers which have their atoms connected in the same sequence but differ in the way the atoms are oriented in space - i.e. the difference between two stereoisomers lies only in the three dimensional arrangement of atoms e.g. geometric isomer and entantiomers
chirality properties?
they are non-superimposable mirror images of each other
how can a molecule be chiral?
-usually the presence
of a carbon atom bonded to 4 different groups
-sp3 hybridised carbon
-tetrahedral shape
when drawing stereo structures the block black triangles means what?
the functional group is coming out the page
when drawing stereo structures that is dashed lines means what?
the function group is going back not the page
with the R,S Group what do you do first?
rotate the molecule so that the lowest priority is at the back
when redrawing the molecules for R AND S systems what do you need to remember to do if the lowest is not at the back?
put It to the back and flip 180 degrees the other groups
what is a diasterioisomer?
Stereoisomers containing more than one chiral centre THAT ARE NOT MIRROR IMAGES of each other
what is an diasteromers?
when the functional groups forward and back are random changes
what are the properties of enantiomers?
have the same physical and chemical properties
what are the properties of Diastereomers?
have different physical and chemical properties
what is an enantimer?
the the back and forward of the function groups change
what are geometry isomers ?
when function groups swap on same side of double bond
