8.7 Cognitive Development

Question 1

What is cognitive Development?

Answer 1

The development of thinking, problem-solving and memory

Question 2

What was Piaget’s theory?

Answer 2

A four-stage theory:
sensory-motor
pre-operational
concrete operations
formal operations
that was developed based on the observation of infants and children

Question 3

What are Schemas
What is an assimilation?

Answer 3

Schemas: Mental concepts formed by children as they experience new situations and events.
Assimilation: The process of altering or adjusting old schemas to fit new info and experiences

Question 4

Explain the sensorimotor stage

Answer 4

Occurring from Birth - 2y/o
Children explore the world using senses and their ability to move. Develop object permanence.

Question 5

Explain the Pre-Operational stage

Answer 5

Occurring from 2y/o - 7y/o
can mentally represent and refer to objects and events with words or pictures and can pretend

Question 6

Explain the Concrete Operations Stage

Answer 6

Occurring from 7y/o to 12y/o
Children are able to conserve and reserve their thinking, classify objects, think logically and understand analogies

Question 7

Explain the Formal Operations Stage

Answer 7

Occurring from 12y/o to adulthood
people use abstract reasoning about hypothetical events or situations, think about logical possibilities, use abstract analogies, and systematically examine and test hypothesis

Question 8

What is Vygotsky’s theory?

Answer 8

Vygotsky emphasized the role of others and the importance of social and cultural interaction in cognitive development.

Question 9

What is Scaffolding?

Answer 9

The process in which a more skilled learner gives help to a less skilled learner and therefore they become more capable

Question 10

What is the Zone of Proximal Defense? (ZPD)

Answer 10

Vygotsky’s concept of the difference between what a child can do alone and what that child can do w the help of a teacher