9:Covalent Bonding Flashcards
Definition of covalent bonding
The attraction of a shared pair of electrons for the nuclei of the bonded atoms
What is a dative covalent bond
A dative covalent bond is one in which both of the electrons in the covalent bond are provided by the same atom
What is electronegativity
The ability of an atom to attract the bonding electrons in a covalent bond.
What are the trends of electronegativity in the periodic table
Electronegativity increases from left to right across the periodic table (excluding group 0).
Electronegativity decreases going down a group.
What are the 3 most electronegative elements
Fluorine, oxygen, nitrogen
What is electron pair repulsion theory
The electron pairs in the outer shell of the central atom in a molecule repel each other and therefore arrange themselves to be as far away from each other as
possible.
What shape has two bonding pairs
Linear
What shape has three bonding pairs
Trigonal planar
What shape has four bonding pairs
Tetrahedral
What shape has six bonding pairs
Octahedral
What shape has three bonding pairs and one lone pair
Pyramidal
What shape has two bonding pairs and two lone pairs
Non-linear
What is the bond angle in a linear
180º
What is the bond angle in a trigonal planar
120º
What is the bond angle in a tetrahedral
109.5º
