Anatomical Position Flashcards

1
Q

appendage

A

A limb of the body.

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2
Q

supine

A

Lying on its back, reclined.

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3
Q

anatomical position:

A

The standard position in which the body is standing with feet together, arms to the side, anddd head, eyes, and palms facing forward.

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4
Q

Proximal

A

Proximal refers to a point closer to the reference point `

When describing appendages, the proximal end of the appendage connects the appendage to the body,

Proximal and Distal describe one point relative to another.

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5
Q

Distal

A

distal refers to a point farther away.

When describing appendages, the distal end is away from the body.

Proximal and Distal describe one point relative to another.

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6
Q

Superior

A

Superior and inferior (cranial and caudal) are used when referring to parts of the body which are toward an end of the body.

Superior structures are toward the head (cranial)

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7
Q

Inferior

A

Superior and inferior (cranial and caudal) are used when referring to parts of the body which are toward an end of the body.

inferior (caudal) structures are toward the feet.

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8
Q

lateral

A

Used to describe anything closer to the sids of the body (toward the arms, in the standard anatomical position)

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9
Q

medial

A

used to describe anything toward the middle of the body

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10
Q

deep

A

refers to structures closer to the inferior center of the body. for example bones in an appendage are located deeper than the muscles

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11
Q

superficial

A

is used to describe structures that are closer to the exterior ssurface of the body. For example, the outer layers of skin are superficial to deeper layers of skin.

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12
Q

anterior and posterior

A

Anterior and posterior are sometimes used in place of superior and inferior, respectively.

These words are used more often for animal anatomy and rarely and only with very specific meaning in human anatomy.

Anterior refers to the side of the structure facing up in the standard anatomical position while posterior refers to the bottom side.

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13
Q

dorsal and ventral

A

Dorsal and ventral are sometimes used in place of anterior and posterior, respectively.

Dorsal means the back side or upper side,

ventral means the frontal or lower side.

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14
Q

coronal plane

A

A coronal or frontal plane divides the body into dorsal and ventral (back and front, or posterior and anterior) portions.

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15
Q

transverse plane

A

A transverse plane, also known as an axial plane or cross-section, divides the body into cranial and caudal (head and tail) portions.

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16
Q

sagittal plane

A

A sagittal plane divides the body into sinister and dexter (left and right) portions.

17
Q

axes(axial direction)

A

Axes use directional terms to describe the location and orientation of a specific region.

18
Q

the directional term lateral

A

The directional term lateral is used to describe structures divided by a left-to-right axis.

19
Q

ventral (direction)

A

On the front side of the human body or the corresponding surface of an animal, usually the lower surface.

20
Q

posterior(direction)

A

Nearer the caudal end of the body in quadrupeds or the dorsal end in bipeds.

21
Q

axis(direction)

A

A line between two points that is used to give direction to an anatomical region.

22
Q

axial region

A

makes up the main axis of the human body: head, neck, chest and trunk

23
Q

appendicular region

A

makes up the parts of the human body that connect to the axial region: limbs and appendages

24
Q

brachial region

A

part of the appendicular region (consists of the arm)

25
Q

abominal region

A

consists of the abdomen as the smaller part of the axial region

26
Q

The Dorsoventral axis (DV axis)

A

is formed by the connection of the dorsal and ventral points of a region. The region between the belly (ventral) and back (dorsal) is often described by a DV axis.

27
Q

The Anterioposterior axis (AP axis)

A

is the axis formed by the connection of the anterior (top) and posterior (bottom) ends of a region. The AP axis of a region is by definition perpendicular to the DV axis and vice-versa.

28
Q

The Left-to-right axis

A

is the axis connecting the left and right hand sides of a region. It is used to describe the lateral sides of a region, which in humans are often symmetrical around the center of the body. It is perpendicular to both the DV and AP axes.