Intro

Question 1

BBPV- symptoms, test used

Answer 1

• Sudden sensation that you or sourondings are spinning (when head turned quickly)
• One of the mc types of vertigo
• Tested using dix halpoke maneuver

Question 2

Acute vestibular neuritis- exams used

Answer 2

Vestibule is inflamed

• HINTS exam-> look for nystagmus
• Cover/uncover test (look for nystagmus)

Question 3

Screening for stroke questions

Answer 3

Dizziness
Dysarthria
Diplopia
Dysphagia
Drop attack
Ataxia
Nausea
Nystagmus
Numbness

Question 4

What are some ddx for weakness

Answer 4

ALS
Muscular dystrophy
myasthenia gravis
vid d def
hypothyrodysim

Question 5

Tone of UMNL and LMNL + reflexes

Answer 5

UMN- Spastic, increased reflexes

LMN- Flaccid, decreased reflexes

Question 6

What does the lat corticospinal tract carry, ant spinothalmatic and post coloumn

Answer 6

lat spino-pain and temp
ant spino- crude touch/pressue
post- Proprioception, vibration, light touch

Question 7

what side would the lesion be on in a cerebellum lesion

Answer 7

same side as lesion

Question 8

What is dysmetria vs dysdiadochokinesis

Answer 8

dysmetria- pt misses target when aiming for somthing

Dysdiadochokinesis- unable to perform rapid alternating movements

Question 9

when is a resting tremor seen vs a tremor when moving

Answer 9

Cerebellar tremor seen when moving whereas basal ganglia tremor during rest

Question 10

What is radiucular loss, mononeuropathy, poluneuropathy

Answer 10

radicular- motor/sensory loss to specific dermatome

Mononeuropathy- motor/sensory loss to specific peripheral n (ex carpal tunnel)

Polyneuropathy- glove and stocking type loss (more common in diabetics/ vit def)

Question 11

When would spacisity happen and characteristics of it

Answer 11

corticospinal tract damage

-unideirectional and velocity/amplitude dependent (faster = harder to move)

Question 12

When would ragitity happen and characterisitcs of it

Answer 12

Extrapyramidal damage (basal ganglia)
-Bidirectional + not velocity/amplitude dependent

Question 13

What type of disorders result in decreased or absent reflexes

Answer 13

Disorders of sensory limb, LMN, NMJ, muscle itself

Question 14

Examples of disorders that result in decreased/absent reflexes

Answer 14

• diabetes induced peripheral neuropathy
• Space occupying lesion
• myasthenia gravis
• Polymytosis
• Motor neuron disease

Question 15

What areas are affected in an UMN lesion

Answer 15

spinal cord injuries, diseases of motor cortex

Question 16

Cervical spinal myelopothy would cause what type of reflexes in upper and lower limb

Answer 16

upper limb- normal or hyporeflexic

lower limb- hyperreflexic

Question 17

what type of reflex is hyper and hyporeflexia associated with

Answer 17

Hyperthyroidism- hyperreflexia

Hypothyroidism- hyporeflexia

Question 18

Superficial cut. reflex- levels above and below umbilicus

Answer 18

above- T8,9,10

below- T10,11,12

Question 19

What is light touch testing (tract)

Answer 19

Tests post column

Question 20

What is parethesia, Anesthesia and dysesthesia

Answer 20

Parethesisia- altered sensation
Anethesisia- loss of sensation
Dysesthesisa- painful sensation

Question 21

What is painful touch testing (tract)

Answer 21

Lat spinothalamic tract

Question 22

what are the 5 grades to muscle strength

Answer 22

0- no contraction
1- barely detectable flicker/trace
2- Active not against gravity
3- active against gravity
4- active against gravity with some resistence
5- Actibe against full resistence

Question 23

what myotomes does grip strength and pinch grip test

Answer 23

C7,8,T1

Question 24

What myotomes does bevers sign test, normal response

Answer 24

umbilicus should not much
T7-T10- above umbilicus (abnormal= moves down)
T10-12- bellow umbilicus (abnormal=moves up)