Mod 5: Neuro and Musculoskeletal Ch. 14-15 Flashcards
Altered levels of cognition in older adults Not associated or caused by neurological disease are most often caused by
a. polypharmacy
b. tingling in one area or side of the body
c. depression
d. a and b.
a. polypharmacy
Polypharmacy, use of herbal supplements, alcohol, and illicit drug use can alter levels of cognition in the older adult
All are tests to evaluate gait except
a. tandem walking
b. ataxic gait
c. walking on toes, then heels
d. knee bends
b. ataxic gait
Tandem walking, walking on toes, then heels and performing knee bends are all tests to assess for gait abnormalities
evaluating gait tests for leg weakness or ataxia and is sensitive for corticospinal tract damage
Evaluation of the sensory system requires testing of several kinds of sensation. Which sensation testing is omitted when pain sensation is normal?
a. Light touch
b. vibration
c. Temp
d. proprioception
c. Temp
Which cranial nerve is responsible for the symptoms of bells palsy?
a. CN V
b. CN II
c. CN VII
d. none of the above
c. CN VII- facial nerve
bells palsy occurs when the facial nerve becomes inflamed causing symptoms of unilateral facial pain, weakness and drooping, eyelid weakness and reduced tearing
tested by smiling, puffing our cheeks, raising eyebrows observing for tics and asymmetry
What are the diagnostic criteria for epilepsy
a. Generalized sz
b. two or more unprovoked sz occurring more than 24 hours apart
c. continuous sz more than 30 minutes
d. two or more unprovoked sz occurring without full consciousness between szs
b. two or more unprovoked sz occurring more than 24 hours apart
Which is one of the most common brain tumors in children?
a. Meningiomas
b. pituitary tumor
c. Lymphomas
d. brainstem gliomas
d. brainstem gliomas
Which groups of symptoms comprise the classic triad of bacterial meningitis
a. confusion, photophobia, and irritability
b. sz sleepiness, and coma
c. fever headache and neck stiffness
d. nausea vomiting and delirium
c. fever headache and neck stiffness
Which reflexes are abnormal if seen in the newborn?
a. sucking
b. rooting
c. blinking at light
d. paradoxical irritability
d. paradoxical irritability
paradoxical irritability- occurs when baby is quiet when laying flat and crying when held could be a symptom of meningitis
All are symptoms of peripheral neuropathy except
a. numbness, tingling shooting pain
b. distal muscle weakness
c. muscle cramping due to spasticity
d. reduced touch sensation
c. muscle cramping due to spasticity
Which motor symptoms are considered cardinal signs of Parkinson’s disease
a. rest tremors rigidity freezing and rigidity
b. Dysarthria, nystagmus and intention tremor
c. weakness with activity, difficulty walking and skeletal muscle weakness
d. distal muscle weakness, cannot stand on toes/heels, and jerking movement of an extremity
a. rest tremors rigidity freezing and rigidity
Which of these muscles is not considered a rotator cuff muscle?
a. Supraspinatus
b. Teres major
c. Infraspinatus
d. Subscapularis
b. Teres major
The three rotator cuff muscles are supraspinatus, teres minor, infraspinatus and subscapularis
sx of rotator cuff tear are hx of truauma/ repetitive movements, pain and weakness with over head activity especially in dominant arm
diagnosis is empty can test
The Lachman test is specifically testing for which knee ligament?
a. ACL
b. PCL
c. MCL
d. LCL
a. ACL
Which is not considered a sign, symptom or history factor of RA
a. Multiple join involvement
b. positive family history
c. 30 to 60 minutes of stiffness in the morning
d. more common in women than in men
c. 30 to 60 minutes of stiffness in the morning
RA is chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease affecting the joints, that is more common in women and can lead to debilitating pain and deformity
classification criteria involves three or more of the following sx: positve RF factor inc crp and sed rate **duration lasting longer than 6 weeks sx women middle-aged hx smoking positive family history **multiple joints affected tender/edema **morning stiffness lasting 1 to 2 hours.
The medical term for knock-kneed is a. genu recurbatum b. genu abductus c. genu valgus d, genu varus
c. genu valgus
The Ottawa rules say ankle X-ray are indicated for all but
a. point tenderness over medial malleolus
b. inability to walk after injury
c. swelling over lateral malleolus
d. point tenderness over lateral malleolus
c. swelling over lateral malleolus
does not include edema