A3: Ocular Hazard

Question 1

What are some ocular hazards relating to laser?

Answer 1

• Retinal detachment (retina damage)
• feeling grittiness in eye and permanent blindness (cornea damage)
• peripheral vision changes/blurred white spot than turn black (foeva damage)
• clouded lens = vision loss (lens damaged)

Question 2

Damage risk wavelength range of retina?

Answer 2

400-1400nm (Retinal hazard region)

Question 3

What structures are affected to ocular hazard?

Answer 3

• Retina
• Cornea
• Lens

Question 4

Ocular Hazards Associated with Lasers and IPL?

Answer 4

• Conjunctiva: Infection and Inflammation of conjunctiva (clear membrane protect eye)
• Aqueous components of the eye: Light intensity source emits = excess heat lead aqueous flare

Question 5

Ocular Hazards Associated with IPL?

Answer 5

• Pigmented Iris: Iris atrophy (decrease size) lead to permanent, Severe pain, Vision changes

Question 6

Ocular Hazards Associated with LED?

Answer 6

• Blue LED: photochemical injury, dysfunction and apoptosis of photoreceptors cells
• Red LED: photothermal injury, absorbed by retina
• NIR LED: photothermal injury, absorbed by cornea and lens

Question 7

How to control this hazard in clinical settings?

Answer 7

• Apply Hierarchy control methods PPE: Wear googles (secure band) or spectacles (rest ear) in treatment, patients may wear opaque glasses for full eye protection.
• Apply administrative control: Ensure all Clinicians aware of how to effectively maintain and clean googles and rooms, replace them when in bad conditions