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6.)AAB Imm Quick > AAB Imm Quick > Flashcards

AAB Imm Quick Flashcards

1
Q

Two primary lymphoid organs…

3 secondary lymphoid organs…makes lymphs and plasmas…

both T and B cells are made in the…
T cells diff/are…dependent
B cells matuure in the…

Immunity
T cells are…
B cells are part of…

A

primary: Bone marrow, thymus

secondary: lymph nodes, spleen, tonsils

T/B cells made in Bone marrow
-T cells diff in thymus, B in bone marrow

T cells are cell mediated, intracellular
-give off small polypeptides called lymphokines to regulate phaogcytic cells
-Tcyto kill specific
-Thelper help B make ab

B cells are humor, extracellular

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2
Q

T cell markers…

B cell markers…

NK cell markers…

A

T cell: 2,3,4,8,25
-TH CD4: MHC2
-TCyto CD8: MHC1

Bcells surface immunoglobulin: 19,20,21

NK:16,56

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3
Q

MHC: genes control expression of HLA ag
Class 1:

Class 2:

involved in 3 things…

A

Class 1: HLA A,B,C
-present ag inside cell

Class 2: HLA-D M,O,P,Q,R
-present ag outside cell

involved in histocompatibility, genetic suspectibility…
-organ transplant
-paternity testing
-autoimmune disease associations

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4
Q

Most concentration of Ig, least concentration of Ig…
most to least/decreasing order…

best precipitin…
best agglutinin…

A

most is IgG, least if IgE
G>A>M>D>E

precipitin: IgG
incomplete

agglutinin: IgM
complete

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5
Q

Ig…

1 pentamer
1 dimer
3 monomers

which two with j chains

which one has 4 subclases, which has 2 subclasses

A

igM pentamer
igA dimer
igG,D,E monomers

igM and igA have Jchains and 2 subclasses

IgG has 1,2,3,4
-increases in convalescence phase

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6
Q

which Ig is an antigenic receptor on B cells

A

IgM

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7
Q

Region of antigen binding…

Region with disulfide bridge…

antibody class is determined by the antigenic variation in what region….

Hinge region is between…

Which chain is Fc region…

A

Region of antigen binding…variable region

Region with disulfide bridge…constant region

antibody class is determined by the antigenic variation in what region….constant region of heavy chain

Hinge region is between…CH1, CH2

Which chain is Fc region…heavy chain

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8
Q

Papain:
How many fragments…
which one is the antigen binding fragment…
which one is the crystallizable fragment…

Pepsin creates…

A

Papain:
How many fragments…3, 2 Fab, 1Fc

which one is the antigen binding fragment…Fab

which one is the crystallizable fragment…Fc

Pepsin creates…F(ab)2

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9
Q

complement is heat…

Classical pathway factors:
-recognition phase, order

Alternate pathway factors:

MB Lectin binds…

most abundant in both…

chemotactic factor/anaphylatoxin…

all lead to this complex…
ultimately…

A

heat labile

Classical: C1q(recognition), C4, C2, C3
-also C1r/s

Alternate: B, D, properdin

MB Lectin binds mannose on pathogens
MBL, MASP

chemotactic/anaphylatoxin..C5a

lead to MAC complex 56789, lysis

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10
Q

Precipitation versus Agglutination

A

Precipitation:
soluble ag plus soluble ab creat insolube complex/visible precipitate

agglutination: clumping/visible agg due to ag/ab; partigular ag aggregates form large complexes when ab present

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11
Q

Principle when RBCs agglutinated by a virus is not allowed to agglutinate because ab in serum inhibit the agglutination by neutralizing the virus

A

hemagglutination
inhibition

(Hemagglutination is inhibited by viral neutralization)

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12
Q

Make monoclononal ab with hybridoma which is

A

B lymphs fused to plasma myeloma cell

(from immunized animal)

only react with one epitope, don’t cross like/form precipitates/not good in precipitation hemmaglutination assays, can’t fix complement

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13
Q

Double radial diffusion also called…or…

non identity have lines of…

identity have lines of….

parital identity have lines of…

A

Double radial diffusion also called…
Ouchterlony or double immunodiffusion

non identity have lines of…intersection

identity have lines of….fusion

parital identity have lines of…partial identity

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14
Q

Another name for electrophoresis and double immunodiffusion

A

immuno-electrophoresis

answer has full word electrophoresis at end

I believe CIE is a form of this…
-ab/ag diffuse thru agar

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15
Q

Immunoelectrophoresis is a combination of…
Immunoelectrophoresis is not…

used to id proteins in both…
urine proteins called….

procedure to id monoclonal ig…

A

electrophoresis and double immunodiffusion
-not electroimmunodiffusion(single)

both serum/urine
-urine bence jones

immunofixation: light chains lamda,kappa

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16
Q

protein electrophoresis + immunodiffusion

-electrophorese proteins
-antiserum fixed to plate using strips agrarose
-bands of precipitation
-monoclonal gammapathies/light/heavy chains

A

immunofixation

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17
Q

CIE, counter current electrophoresis can show this pattern

-2 columns of wells in gel, ag to one, ab to other; current applied and they migrate towards each other, precipitate forms

A

gull wing:

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18
Q

electroimmunodiffusion has two other names

directed mvt on

A

rocket electrophoresis

1D single electroimmunodiffusion

semisolid media
-gel has ab, add STD/CTRLS to other wells, electric current, cone shaped precipitate/rocket

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19
Q

Flurochrome with minimal false readings…

Fluorochrome thats red at 580…

Flurochrome for tissue…

Energy source for fluouresent microscope…

A

Flurochrome with minimal false readings…FITC fluorescein isothicynate

Fluorochrome thats red at 580…TR-ITC tetra-methyl-rhodamine isothicyanate

Flurochrome for tissue…biotin avidin

Energy source for fluouresent microscope…mercury vapor lamp
-very bright light

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20
Q

Sandwich immunoassay is …and….

ELISA
what can be attached to solid phase
what is enzyme and what is enzyme linked to

A

noncompetitive, activity ab direclty proportional to ag
heterogeous
-requires wash step

solid phase well ELISA plates or beads and ag or ab

-ag/ab to well
-PT serum/incubate
-enzyme(horseradish peroxidase linked to AHG
-wash

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21
Q

Complement fixation consists of test and indicatior, what is indicator…

Controls to check anticomplementary factors/neg ctrls will show…

Pos control will show…

Thus PT with ab fixed complement will show….

A

Complement fixation consists of test and indicatior, what is indicator…
SRBCs sensitized with antisheep hemolysin

Controls to check anticomplementary factors/neg ctrls will show…hemolysis

Pos control will show…no hemolysis

Thus PT with ab fixed complement will show inhibition of hemolysis(complement can’t be used to lyze indicator SRBCs)

*must heat inactivate PT serum, only detects IgG

22
Q

PT with syphillus:
develope antibody… to the nontreponemal ag…

VDRL/RPR are what kind of tests…

A

ab: reagin
ag: cardiolipn

nontreponemal flocculation tests

23
Q

VDRL:

ag…

serum: ag…
drops of ag…
drops of saline…
check daily

what heat at, how long…
if not tested w/in 4hrs, how long heat…
why heat…

weakly reactive…

can also use this specimen to test…

A

VDRL:

ag…cardiolipin, lecithin

serum: ag…3:1
drops of ag…60
drops of saline…100

-what heat at, how long…56C, 30min
-if not tested w/in 4hrs, how long heat…56C,10min
-heat inactivates complement

-QL: weak reactive is small clumps with many free particles, do quantitative/titer if reactive or weak
-QUANT: highest dilution giving a reative result(not weakly)

can also use this specimen to test…CSF

24
Q

RPR:
no heat, less specific
uses plastic coated cells

ag…
drops of ag…

rpm/min

reactive=

A

cardiolipin, charcoal
60 drops ag

100rpm/8min

reactive=black clumps

25
Q

Treponemal test:

TPI uses…

FTA-ABS:
ids..in serum..
which treponemal is most sensitive..
sorbant is called…
flourescence label is…and helps…

Microhemmagglutination Test that isn’t likely to be reactive in primary/early secondary…

TP test that uses dilute serum and TP sensitized gelatin particles w/TP ag

A

TPI immobilizes/uses alive TP to PT serum

FTA-ABS
-ids treponemal ab in serum
-most senstive is FTA,ABS
-sorbant is Reiters, removes nonspecific ab, R=removes=reiter
-fluorescent label is flurescein isothiocyanate
with AHG and helps make ag-ab visible

MHA-TP:
-not as senstive in primary/secondary
-PT serum+ SRBC sensitized with TP, agg

TP particle agglutination:
-dilute Pt serum plus TP sensitized gelatin particles w/TP ag
-ab=agg, smooth mat on well

26
Q

5 Streptococcal antigens

Antigen test: GAS grp A strep ag
LFA/molecular

A

5 Strep antigens:
-streptolysin O (O=oxygen labile)
-streptokinase(dissolves fibrin)

-DNase B, NADase
-hyaluronidase

27
Q

Strep A tests:
Tests for antibody:
Type of cells used…

Two tests deal with agglutination, agg=ab..

A

Antibody detection:
1.)Agglutination:

-anti-streptolysin O slide test:
tests for antibody to streptolysin O
SRBC, PT ab=agg

-streptozyme: slide agg for all 5 ab
SRBC+ab=agg
-PT antibody detected with antigen coated to SRBC

-

28
Q

Strep A tests:
tests for antibody

2 tests are neutralizations…ab=no hemolysis or no change

A

2.)Neutralizations:

antistreptolysin O tube test:
-hemolysis inhibition,
-streptolysin O antibody in serum keeps strepO from lysing reagent grpO cells
-no hemolysis, Todds units

-anti-DNase B, pos ab=green stays/isn’t hydrolyzed, it is neutralized
-glomerulonephritis

29
Q

Principle of ASO tube test…

titer measured in…

A

hemolysis inhibition

Todd/IU
-dilution of last tube no hemolysis

30
Q

Rapid slide test:

Heterophil antibody test positive is and is reported as…

Paul Bunnel is a rapid diff slide test that uses…rbc as an indicator
-IM will agglutinate what kind of rbc
-Forsmann ab will be…by what kind of rbc

Test that diff between the 3 types of heterophile ab….and uses these two rbcs

A

Rapid slide test, monspot: heterophile ag, latex agglutination

Positive is agglutination and reported as highest dilution with agglutination

-uses SRBC as indicator
-IM PTs will agglutinate kidney
-but Forsmann ab will be absorbed by the guinea pig kidney

Davidsohn diff test: uses sheep, horse rbcs

31
Q

Widal and Weil felix detect…

Widal elevated O titer indicates…

Weil Felix detects ab to…
-uses OX19/O2 ag which are..strains

A

Widal and Weil felix detect febrile agglutinins

Widal increased O titer indicates increased agglutinins to S.typhi

Weil Felix detecs ab to rickettsia using proteus strains OX19/2

32
Q

Confirm EBV with…

IgM antiVCA, antiEA, IgG antiVCA
w/out antiEBNA indicate…

anti EBNA, IgG antiVCA, with out IgM antiVCA indicates…

A

IIFA

Confirm EBV with…

IgM antiVCA, antiEA, IgG antiVCA
w/out antiEBNA indicate…current
*IgM=current, no EBNA=not past

anti EBNA, IgG antiVCA, with out IgM antiVCA indicates…past
*EBNA only in past, no IgM=not current

33
Q

HSV: goes latent

HSV1: oral, can be urogenital
HSV2: more genital, urogenital, 90% genital, sex, mom baby

HSV3: VZV, chicken pox, ELISA
-Shingles: latent herpes zoster

HSV4: EBV
HSV5:CMV

A
34
Q

ab to Brucella abortus will cross react with Franciella tularensis

aspergillosis titer of 1:512 is diagnostic

A

.

35
Q

Cryptococcal antigen latex is replacing..
but interference from..

RF has….ab against the Fc portion of…

In the latex slide, PT serum is added to latex coated with…

Can also use…as a source of ab for RF latex

confirm RF with…

A

Cryptococcal antigen latex is replacing india ink; although antigen latex is interfered with RF

RF has IgM ab against the Fc portion of IgG
-RA type 3 hypersensitivity

In the latex slide, PT serum is added to latex coated with AHG
-agglutination not hema
-antibody is IgM

Can also use…as a source of ab for RF latex

confirm with antiCCP cycliccitrullinated peptide

36
Q

mixed connective tissue ab

limited sclerosist/CREST ab

A

RNP

centromere/CREST

37
Q

SLE ab…
pattern…

Scleroderma ab…

sjogrens syndrome ab…
-associated with what lymphoma

A

SLE: dsDNA, Sm
homogenous,diffuse
malar rash

Scleroderma: SCL

sjogrens syndrome ab: SS-A/B
-B cell lymphoma

38
Q

Graves autoab…

Hashimotos ab…

A

Graves: autoab to TSH receptor
-TRab,TSHR, TSI

Hashimoto: auto ab against autoag thryroglobulin

39
Q

Both chronic granulomatus disease and Chediak Higashi have issues with

A

neutrophils

CGD: ineffective phagocytosis=bacterial infections

Chediak: impaired segs

40
Q

T cell def, no thymus

can be enumerated by flow

A

Digeorges

41
Q

Complete/marked def of both T/B…

Partial combined immunodef/thrombocytopenia at birth…

sexlinked/males, absense of plasma cells/no ab
<100 CD19 B cells

A

SCID severe combined immun def
Complete/marked def of both T/B…

Partial combined immunodef/thrombocytopenia at birth…Wiskott Aldrich

Brutons agammaglobemia:
sexlinked/males, absense of plasma cells/no ab
<100 CD19 B cells

42
Q

Serotype HSV..

Assay to type HSV to high specificity…

A

serotype…DFA

high specificyt: ELISA

43
Q

VZV serological type..

rubella testing…and screen for immunity…

T.gondii serological testing…

A

VZV serological type..ELISA

rubella testing…ELISA
-screen for immunity IgG
-respiratory,cross placenta
-german measles, MMR

T.gondii serological testing…ELISA

44
Q

CMV serological test…

false pos with what test…

A

CMV serological test…IgM/IgG antibody
-active: IgM, IgG 4 fold increase
-inactive: no IgM, IgG

false pos with indirect immunofluoresnce

45
Q

Hypersensivity:

Type1:

Type2:

Type 3:

Type 4:

A

Hypersensivity:

Type1: immediate/anaphylactic, IgE
-asthma, bee (wheel, rash)

Type2: ab-ag complex
-transfusion, goodpasture(IgG,IgM)

Type 3: immune complexes
-RA, SLE

Type 4: delayed, dermatiditis
-TB skin test, Mantoux skin
-Poison ivy, GVHD

46
Q

PCR: 3 steps to make copies

A

Denature, Anneal, Extend

47
Q

RIA
competitive, inversely related to concen
RIST: IgE RAST: IgE to specific allergen

A
48
Q

EMIT
enzyme multiplied
small molecules/hormones, color=pos

A
49
Q

Immunoflurecense: ANA, FTA-ABS
-direct: fluorescein labeled ab to PT tissue
-indirect:PT serum to reagent, wash, flurescein labed AHG, wash

-Uses mercury vapor lamp-very bright
-FITC: fluorecein isothiocyanate
-TRITC: red 580nm, tetra-rhodamine-iso-thi-cyanate
-Tissue/culture=biotin=avidin

A
50
Q

FPIA
Flourescence polarization IA
-ag reduces light
-ab +flurescent tagged ag, pos is decreased polarization

A
51
Q

antiCCP cycliccitrullinated peptide seen in

A

RA

6.)AAB Imm Quick (1 decks)

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