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Anatomy Exam 2 > Abdomen, abdominal wall, peritoneum, and peritoneal cavity > Flashcards

Abdomen, abdominal wall, peritoneum, and peritoneal cavity Flashcards

1
Q

There are ___ abdominal quadrants divided by __ planes

A

4; 2

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2
Q

The two planes that divide the abdominal quadrants are the

A

transumbilical plane and median plane

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3
Q

The four quadrants are

A

RUQ LUQ LLQ RLQ

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4
Q

There are __ abdominal regions divided by __ planes

A

9; 4

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5
Q

The vertical planes that divide the regions are the

A

2 midclavicular planes

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6
Q

The horizontal planes that divide the regions are the

A

subcostal plane and transtubecular plane

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7
Q

The ___ separates the abdomen from the upper leg

A

inguinal ligament

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8
Q

The regions starting from the upper left are:

A

L hypchondriac, epigastric, R hypochondriac
L lumbar, umbilical, R lumbar
L inguinal, hypogastric/pelvic, R inguinal

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9
Q

The intercostal nerves going to the abdomen are from the

A

anterior rami

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10
Q

The layers of the abdominal wall from superficial to deep are

A

Skin- superficial fatty layer of subcutaneous tissue- deep membrane layer of subcutenous tissue- superficial deep tissue - external oblique - intermediate deep fascia - internal oblique - deep deep fascia - transversus abdominis - endoabdominal transversalis fascia - extraperitoneal fat - parietal peritoneum

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11
Q

The ___ lines the internal surface of the abdominal wall

A

parietal peritoneum

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12
Q

The ___ lines the outer surface of abdominal organs

A

visceral peritoneum

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13
Q

These connect organs to other organs or to the abdominal wall

A

mesenteries

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14
Q

In the embryo, the dorsal mesentery connects between the visceral and parietal peritoneum on the posterior side, and in the adult the dorsal mesenteries contain

A

blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatic vessels

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15
Q

The only two parts of the ventral mesentery from the embryo that remain in the adult are to the

A

liver and urinary bladder

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16
Q

The ___ goes down to the urinary bladder and contains the ___

A

median umbilical fold; urachus

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17
Q

The ___ are remnants of the umbilical arteries that are no longer functional

A

medial umbilical folds

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18
Q

The ___ are with the inferior epigastric a. and v. on the internal surface of the rectus abdominis muscle

A

lateral umbilical folds

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19
Q

The ventral mesentery from the liver to the abdominal wall is the

A

falciform ligament

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20
Q

Within the inferior portion of the falciform ligament is the ___, which was the umbilical vein of the fetus; the paraumbilical veins also travel with it

A

round ligament of the liver

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21
Q

This is posterior to the rectus abdominis m. where the aponeurosis of the EO, IO, TA run on top of the rectus abdominis

A

arcuate line

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22
Q

Above the arcuate line, the aponeurosis of ___ and __ run posterior to the rectus ab and the aponeurosis of ___ and ____ run anterior to the rectus ab

A

transversus ab and part of IO; part of IO and the EO

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23
Q

Below the arcuate line, the aponeurosis of ___ run anterior to the rectus ab

A

EO, IO, transversus ab

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24
Q

Hernias usually occur __ the arcuate line

A

below

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25
Q

A clinical sign of portal hypertension can be seen around the umbilicus as

A

caput medusa

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26
Q

The spermatic cord runs through the

A

inguinal canal

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27
Q

This is internal, the opening within the transversalis fascia

A

deep inguinal ring

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28
Q

This is the opening within the external oblique aponeurosis

A

superficial inguinal ring

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29
Q

The floor of the inguinal canal is formed by the

A

inguinal ligament

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30
Q

The internal oblique aponeurosis and transverse abdominis aponeurosis come together to form the

A

inguinal falx

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31
Q

The enlarged transversalis fascia posterior to the inguinal falx is the

A

iliopubic tract

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32
Q

Why do the testes descend?

A

to reach a cooler temperature for sperm production

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33
Q

The testes start out in the ___ and descend through the ___

A

abdomen; inguinal canal

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34
Q

The fibromuscular cord that attaches the gonads to their main organ is the

A

gubernaculum

35
Q

The portion of the peritoneal cavity going down into the scrotum is the (between 7-9 mo. gestationally)

A

process vaginalis

36
Q

What can occur if the process vaginalis does not close completely?

A

inguinal hernia–frequently congenital

37
Q

The peritoneum around the testes in an adult

A

tunica vaginalis

38
Q

In an adult male, the gubernaculum becomes the

A

scrotal ligament

39
Q

In an adult female, the gubernaculum becomes the

A

ovarian ligament and the round ligament of the uterus

40
Q

The ovary is connected to the uterus by the

A

ovarian ligament

41
Q

The uterus is connected to the labia by the

A

round ligament of the uterus

42
Q

The tube from the mouth to the anus

A

digestive tract

43
Q

Organs that secrete fluid into the digestive tract or aid in mastication

A

accessory organs

44
Q

The accessory organs that secrete fluid into the digestive tract are

A

salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancrease

45
Q

The organs that function in mastication are

A

teeth and tongue

46
Q

The lesser omentum is composed of what two ligaments

A

hepatogastric and hepatoduodenal

47
Q

Attachment from the liver to the greater curvature of the stomach

A

hepatogastric

48
Q

Attachment from the liver to the duodenum

A

hepatoduodenal

49
Q

The greater omentum is made up of what 3 ligaments

A

gastrocolic, gastrosplenic, gastrophrenic

50
Q

Attachment from greater curvature of stomach to transverse colon

A

gastrocolic

51
Q

Attachment from the greater curvature of the stomach to the spleen

A

gastrosplenic

52
Q

Attachment from greater curvature of the stomach to the diaphragm

A

gastrophrenic

53
Q

The connection from the liver into the anterior wall of the abdomen is the

A

falciform ligament

54
Q

The inferior portion of the falciform ligament contains the

A

round ligament of the liver

55
Q

The area of the greater omentum where it folds over on itself and is filled with peritoneal fluid

A

omental bursa

56
Q

The connection between the transverse colon and the posterior abdominal wall

A

transverse mesocolon

57
Q

The connection between the small intestine and the posterior abdominal wall

A

mesentery proper

58
Q

The connection between the sigmoid colon and the posterior abdominal wall

A

sigmoid mesocolon

59
Q

The connection between the splenic flexure of the colon and the diaphragm

A

phrenicocolic ligament

60
Q

The place where the visceral peritoneum of the liver is continuous with the parietal peritoneum on either the diaphragm or the posterior wall of the abdomen

A

coronary ligament

61
Q

The connection on the right side where the coronary ligament connects to the parietal peritoneum over the right kidney

A

hepatorenal ligament

62
Q

The portions of the coronary ligament folded over on itself on the right and left sides are

A

right and left triangular ligaments

63
Q

The organs covered by visceral peritoneum and are attached to the abdominal wall or other organs by a mesentery are considered

A

intraperitoneal

64
Q

The organs located on the posterior abdominal wall and are covered by the parietal peritoneum are considered

A

retroperitoneal

65
Q

The organs inferior to the parietal peritoneum within the pelvis are considered

A

sub/infraperitoneal

66
Q

The organs that were always retroperitoneal are

A

primarily retroperitoneal

67
Q

Organs that were intraperitoneal during development but then moved retro are

A

secondarily retroperitoneal

68
Q

The connection between the spleen and the kidney on the posterior abdominal wall

A

splenorenal ligament

69
Q

The connection/area between the peritoneal cavity and the omental bursa is the

A

omental foramen

70
Q

When an ulcer goes posteriorly, it enters the ___ and risks damaging great vessels

A

omental bursa

71
Q

The only connection between the greater and lesser sac is the

A

omental foramen

72
Q

The omental bursa is also the ___ region of the peritoneal cavity

A

lesser sac

73
Q

The greater sac of the peritoneal cavity has 2 compartments:

A

supracolic and infracolic

74
Q

The region anterior stomach and greater omentum

A

supracolic

75
Q

The region with inferior and posterior greater omentum, transverse colon, transverse mesocolon, and down to the end of the parietal peritoneum

A

infracolic

76
Q

The infracolic region has _ parts

A

4

77
Q

The area of infracolic lateral to ascending colon

A

right paracolic gutter

78
Q

The area of infracolic lateral to descending colon

A

left paracolic gutter

79
Q

The area of infracolic medial to ascending colon

A

right infracolic space

80
Q

The area of infracolic medial to descending colon

A

right infracolic space

81
Q

The stomach, the first part of the duodenum, the jejunum, the ileum, the cecum, the appendix, transverse colon and sigmoid colon and their mesocolons, the upper 1/3 of the rectum, the liver, the spleen, and the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries are

A

intraperitoneal

82
Q

The rest of the duodenum, the ascending colon, the descending colon, the middle 1/3 of the rectum, and the pancreas are

A

secondarily retroperitoneal

83
Q

The kidneys, ureters, renal vessels, the gonadal blood vessels, the inferior vena cava, the aorta, and the suprarenal glands are

A

primarily retroperitoneal

84
Q

The lower 1/3 of the rectum, the urinary bladder, the end of the ureters, the urethra, and the vagina are

A

infraperitoneal

Anatomy Exam 2 (7 decks)

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