abnormal psychology Flashcards
what may ultimately make an abnormal behavior into a genuine disorder… is if the behavior?
***** this the FOUR D’s tht harm themselfs or others.
- Dangerous: harmful to self or others=EXCESSIVE
- Distress: causes significant stress, emotional discomfort (to self or others).
- Dysfunction: causes significant occupational or socail impairment. Unable to maintain social role..–the first question you should as is “what is ur role?”))))
- Deviance: any behavior tht contrary to the dominant norms(rules of culture how u react w. others) of society. Example: we all lie?yes– but if u lie all the time then u have disorder.
- involves a psychotic loss of contact w/ reality..( if substance then not mental.
FEAR=phobia
biology– fight or flight= something ur presesnted life vs. death
anxiety= cant control
environment…. example: speech in front of class= we can work thru
A. Panic Disorder:
repeated panic attacks, unclear fear of something bad happening in the absence of a threatening stimulus. Can diagnosed w. or w.out agoraphobia described below. they can coexist most often with depression and substance abuse.
*** panic attack:
separate and intense periods of fear of feeling of doom developing over a short time–10 MINUTES– associated w. at least 4 of the following
separate trembling , shortness of breath , sense of choking,chest pain, nausea dizziness, a feeling of being deteached from the world, fear of dying , numbness or tingling, chills or hot flushes
B. Phobias
intense , irrational(shouldnt have the fear you have) fears tht dominate a person’s life on many levels. Phobias are the most common mental disorder in the U.S .
**specific phobia
intense irrational fear of an objrct, creature or specific situation (snakes, spiders, heights, enclosed spaces, air travel are examples)
**social phobia
intense, irrational fear of being evaluated by others in social situations. will leave home , but either avoids public places where ppl r present or endures intense anxiety when forced to be in the presence of others.
C. Generalized Anxiety disorder
intense worry and anxiety about everything , not just one specific thing. intense worry about bad things happening in the future for which there is no real conclusive indication. sometimes their concerns are about identifiable issues involving family, money , work , or health—– worry about everything.
D. Separation anxiety disorder
this is a childhood(only diagnosed) characterized by intense and inappropriate anxiety and emotional distress lasting at least 4 weeks , concerning separation from home or caregivers.
E. Social anx. dis.
anx. dis. characterized by marked, or intense, fear of anxiety of social situations in which the individual may be SCRUTINIZED, HUMILIATED, OR EMBARRASSED BY OTHERS. some ppl w. socail anxiety dis. experience their symptoms only when they are in a performance situation ..
F. Agoraphobia
fear triggered by the real or anticipated exposure to situations ( using public transportation , being in enclosed space such as a movie theater or an open space such as a parking lot, and being outside of the home alone) in which they MAY BE UNABLE TO GET HELP should THEY BECOME Incapacitate become incapacitated.
^^^agora
market places– open place– like parking lot– feel like cant get out
^^^cude attack:
expose to some type of stimulus tht makes react and uk wat it is
^^^ uncude
u dont know wat causes it— ppl have panic attack out of the blue
G.obsessive -compulsive dis.
intense anxiety resluting from obsessions ( uncontrollable, repeating thoughts like the inability ti stop thinking about the precise order of clothes hanging in the closet) or cumpulsions ( ritualized behavior s tht r uncontrollable , repeating and unwanted like constant hand washiing, lock checking , cleaning and straightening)
H.Body Dysmorphic dis.
in individuals are preoccupied with the idea that a part of their body is ugly or defective.
I.Hoarding dis.
a compulsive in which ppl have persistent difficulties discarding things , even if they have little value
J. Trichotillomania
the compulsive, persistent urge to pull out ones own hair
K. Excoriation
recurrent picking at ones own skin
L. Post-traumatic stress dis.
samethng just time terms
has lived through a life threatening trauma ( rape, combat, plane crash, terriost bombing,. school shooting massacre) and now is dominated by repeated, unwanted thought , dreams and flashbacks of the event, extreme avoidance of reminders of the event, numbed emotions, jumpy, unable to sleep for fear event will occur again. PTSD is only anxiety disorder with a clear etiology.
M. Acute stress disorder
(sameting just time terms) short term
this is the short version of PTSD, lasting from 2-30 dayd but having the same symptoms . PTSD is diagnosed w. teh symptopms lastfrom 30 days and beyond. – be able to seek treatment right away
N. adjustment disorder
stress related disorder tht involves emotional and behavioral symptoms ( depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and/or antisocial behaviors) tht arise w.in 3 months of the onset of a stressor. May occur when a person has had a normal stressful life altering event- problems adjusting to the change brought by event– causes minor to moderate impairment in social/occupational functioning -not long term– not driven byt diagnosis to patients so they can have some disorders worthy of insurance company reimbursement for treatment.
MOOD DISRODERS / DEPRESSIVE AND BIPOLAR
…………..
^^^^MOOD DISORDERS DIFFER FROM SIMPLE NORMAL CHANGES IN MOOD IN THT THEY INVOLVE SYMPTOMS THT:
- are much more severe than normal mood changes
- causes significant impairment of functioning
- often have no specific cause such as a psychosocial events like death of a relative
- are persistent and more enduring than normal mood changes
major depressive
depression tht is long-term, considerably debilitating, and not cuases by drugs or other organic cause. symptoms include:
- SAD MOOD
- LOSS OF PLEASURE IN USUAL ACTIVITITIES
- insomnia or hypersomnia
- appetite/weight change
- excessive guilt/worthless
- problems concentrating
- loss of energy
- psychomotor retardation/agitation
- thoughts of death or suicide, a suicide plan or suicide attempt
persistent depressive disorder (formerly dysthymic disorder and chronic major depressive disorder)
chronic but less severe mood disturbance in which the individual does not experience a major depressive episode. essential feature is depressed mood for most of the days for more days than not, FOR AT LEAST 2 YEARS. dignosis also requires the presenece of 2 or more of the following: a.poor appetite b. insomnia or hypersomnia c. low energy or fatigue d. low self esteem e. poor concentration f. hopelessness PERSON MUST NEVER HAVE BEEN WITHOUT SYMPTOMS OF DEPRESSION FOR LONGER THAN A 2 MONTH PERIOD.--- significantly long term depression
bipolar disorder
formerly called “ manic-depression”
diagnosis requires the person experience at LEAST ONE FULL-BLOWN MANIC EPISODE and will likely ( BUT NOT NECESSARILY) involve a shift from mania to a full blown depressive episode– person often will fluctuate between episodes of mania and depression ( over the course of several days/weeks).
^^^symptoms of manic episode include
- dramatically elevated, euphoric mood or irritable mood
- highly inflated self-esteem(belief one can do anything w.out any chance of failure)
- decreased need for sleep ( maybe only few hours every couple of days)
- extremely talkative , much more than usual
- racing thoughts
- easily distracted, unable to focus attention
- increased goal directed behavior ( like abruptly deciding to put a new roof on the house and be finished in one day while working solo)\
- involvement in pleasurable activities tht have painful consequences ( like spending sprees, multiple, indiscriminate sexual acts)
cyclothymic disorder
a symptomatically mild form of bipolar II disorder, involves MOOD SWINGS RANGING FROM MILD DEPRESSION , known as dysthymia; periods of intense energy, creativity , and/or irritatbility , know as hypomania : or they may alternate beteween both mood states. like other bipolar disoders, cyclothymia is a chronic illness characterized by MooD SwinGs that can OCCUR as often as EVERYDAY and last SEVERAL DAYS, WEEKS, MONTHS,. OR AS LONG AS 2YEARS. individuals w. this disorder are NEVER FREEof symptoms of either hypomaina or mild depression for more than two months at a time
—-term refers to long term bipo. behav.
manic=high
depression=low
manic= 4/7 ddays– only one week = expericene manic esposide
……dont have to study
Schizophrenia (loss of reality)
range of symptoms:disturbances in content of thought, form of thought, perception, affect, sense of self, motivation, behavior, and interpersonal funciton
