Acid base balance

Question 1

Acidosis

Answer 1

below 7.35

Question 2

alkalosis

Answer 2

greater than 7.45

Question 3

PaO2

Answer 3

75-100

Question 4

PaCO2

Answer 4

35-45

Question 5

HCO3 (Bicarb)

Answer 5

22-26

Question 6

Acid-base imbalance risk factors

Answer 6

acute kidney injury, CKD, lactic acidosis, DM, pregnancy, salicylate toxicity, bacterial pneumonia, asthma, bacterial sepsis, pulmonary embolism, head trauma, sedative/hypnotic/anxiolytic use disorders

Question 7

Metabolic acidosis compensation

Answer 7

Lungs try to blow off CO2

Question 8

Respiratory acidosis or alkalosis compensation

Answer 8

kidney alters how much bicarb is reabsorbed and excretes hydrogen ions

Question 9

First line of defense in maintaining balance

Answer 9

Protein buffers: albumin, globulins, hemoglobin Chemical buffers: bicarb/phosphate

Question 10

Second line of defense

Answer 10

(lung response) Breathing controls amount of free hydrogen ions by controlling amount of CO2 in arterial blood

Question 11

Third line of defense

Answer 11

(kidney response) Kidney movement of bicarb, formation of acids, formation of ammonium