Acids & Bases

Question 1

Dissociate

Answer 1

When an ionic or molecular substance separates into ions when placed in water or some other solvent.

Question 2

3 common laboratory acids and the ions formed

Answer 2

Hydrochloric acid - chloride ions and hydrogen ions
Nitric acid - nitrate ions and hydrogen ions
Sulfuric acid - sulfate ions and hydrogen ions

Question 3

Strong acid

Answer 3

Strong acids will completely dissociate when added to water, releasing all of their hydrogen ions.

Question 4

Weak acid

Answer 4

Weak acids will not release all of their hydrogen ions when added to water.

Question 5

Base vs. Alkali

Answer 5

A base is any substance that will remove hydrogen ions from a solution. An alkali is a base that is soluble in water.

Question 6

Alkalis… (taste and feel)

Answer 6

Taste bitter and feel soapy.

Question 7

Strong alkali

Answer 7

Strong alkalis completely dissociate when added to water, releasing all of their hydroxide ions.

Question 8

Weak alkali

Answer 8

Weak alkalis will not release all of their hydroxide ions when added to water.

Question 9

3 strong alkalis found in the laboratory and the ions released

Answer 9

Lithium hydroxide - lithium ions and hydroxide ions
Sodium hydroxide - sodium ions and hydroxide ions
Potassium hydroxide - potassium ions and hydroxide ions

Question 10

NH↓4↑+

Answer 10

Ammonium

Question 11

PO↓4↑3-

Answer 11

Phosphate

Question 12

CO↓3↑2-

Answer 12

Carbonate

Question 13

SO↓4↑2-

Answer 13

Sulfate

Question 14

OH-

Answer 14

Hydroxide

Question 15

HCO↓3↑-

Answer 15

Hydrogen carbonate

Question 16

NO↓3↑-

Answer 16

Nitrate