Acne and Rosacea Flashcards
what are the 5 pillars of acne describing its presentation
keratin plugging of pilosebaceous unit increased sebum production proprionibacterium acnes colonisation inflammation comedones
what is the difference between open and closed comedones
open - blackheads
closed - whiteheads
describe the pathophysiology of acne
excess sebum causes plugging of pilosebaceous unit - keratin and sebum build up producing comedones - rupture causes inflammation
describe the presentation and treatment of mild acne
scattered papules and pustules
treat with benzoyl peroxide or topical retinoid
what is benzoyl peroxide
topical treatment which is a keratolytic and antibacterial
what are some examples of topical retinoids
retinol
tretinon
how do retinoids work
Vitamin A derivative causing reduced keratinisation
what is the presentation and treatment of moderate acne
inflammed lesions with mild scarring
treat with benzoyl peroxide/topical retinoid + topical antibiotic
consider COCP
why is combined oral contraceptive pill used in acne treatment
increased oestrogens reduces the number of androgens in the body which causes excess sebum production
which antibiotics are used in acne treatment
tetracyclines
what is the presentation and treatment of severe acne
inflammation + cysts and significant scarring
refer to dermatologist for isotretinon
what are the side effects of isotretinon
teratogenic - requires two forms of contraception
mucosal dryness
depression
what is rosacea
chronic disorder of blood vessels and pilosebaceous units in central facial area
what is the presentation of rosacea
symmetrical central rash with erythema
telangiectasia
papules
are comedones present in rosacea
no
