Acute Radiation Syndrome

Question 1

Result of damage done to the body after an acute whole body dose of radiation has been received.

Answer 1

Acute Radiation Syndrome

Question 2

Conditions with which ARS is possible

Answer 2

1. Organ must be exposed acutely,
2. exposure to the total body,
3. external penetrating sources such as xrays, gamma rays, neutrons, etc

Question 3

Main consequence of acute radiation exposure to body

Answer 3

Life-span shortening

Question 4

LD 50/30

Answer 4

Lethal dose required to kill 50% of population in 30 days

Question 5

Response stage that consists of nausea, vomiting and diarrhea

Answer 5

Prodromal Stage

Question 6

Response Stage where individual appears symptom free

Answer 6

Latent Stage

Question 7

Response stage where the effects of the amount of radiation become evident

Answer 7

Manifest Stage

Question 8

Last response stage of radiation

Answer 8

Death or Recovery

Question 9

Immediately affects blood system (cell death). 100-1000 R can cause death in this system.

Answer 9

Hemopoietic Syndrome

Question 10

Damage to GI tract causing death. 600-10,000 R causes death in this system.

Answer 10

Gastrointestinal Syndrome

Question 11

Survival time in this syndrome does not vary with dose. Independent.

Answer 11

Gastrointestinal Syndrome

Question 12

Damage to nerve and brain cells causing death. Doses greater than 10,000 R.

Answer 12

Central Nervous Syndrome

Question 13

SED50

Answer 13

skin erythema dose necessary to affect 50% of people irradiated

Question 14

Effects of Local tissue damage to skin

Answer 14

Erythema, desquamation, epilation, and inflammation

Question 15

The effect of Radiation damage to eyes

Answer 15

Radiation cataractogenesis: radiation induced cataracts

Question 16

Latent period for radiation induced cataracts

Answer 16

Approximately 15 years

Question 17

Main effects of radiation to male gonads

Answer 17

damage and reduction of spermatogonia and temporary or permanent sterility

Question 18

Radiation dose that has caused damage to human gonads

Answer 18

10 rad

Question 19

Main effect on female gonads

Answer 19

damage to mature follicles

Question 20

Blood cells that are first to be reduced following radiation

Answer 20

Lymphocytes

Question 21

Blood cells that are second to respond following radiation exposure

Answer 21

Neutrophils

Question 22

Blood cells that are last to respond following radiation doses of 50 rads or greater

Answer 22

Platelets and red blood cells

Question 23

Most sensitive stem cells

Answer 23

erythroblasts

Question 24

Second most sensitive stem cells

Answer 24

myelocytes

Question 25

Least sensitive stem cells

Answer 25

megakaryocytes