Administration Flashcards
Oral
Physiological, vary electrolyte intake, calorific value, not suitable during GI dysfunction or fluid loss, can include ‘assisted’ methods like tubing
Subcutaneous (SQ)
Good for exotics and very small animals, limited on how much can be given, limited absorption if vascostricted (hypoperfusion), only isotonic fluids are suitable, takes 6-8 hours to reach ECF, rarely used in dogs and cats
10 mL/kg
Max SQ dose
Intravenous (IV)
Route of choice in most situations, require aseptic technique and catheter change every 72h, can used hypertonic and isotonic solutions
Cephalic, saphenous, jugular
Main IV routes in cats and dogs
Ear, jugular vein
Rabbit IV routes
Jugular
Large animal IV routes
Intraosseus (IO)
Good for small animals, good for when peripheral venous access is impossible, there is rapid absorption but risk of infection is high, (dehydrated guinea pigs)
Proximal humerus, tibial tuberosity and wing of the ilium
Sides of intraosseous administration
Intraperitoneal (IP)
Not as fast as IO, risk of organ penetration, isotonic solutions only, most common in exotics
BW x %Dehydration
Fluid Loss
50 mL/kg/day
Daily Maintenance Requirement
Fluid Loss + Maintenance
Total needed fluid replacement
50-20 mL/kg over 10-20min
Rapid fluid rate
60-90 mL/kg/hr
Max rapid fluid rate
