Adrenergic Agonist Flashcards
Alpha 1 agonist
Location: blood vessels, eye, bladder
Response: increases force of heart contraction
Vasoconstriction
Hypertension (increase BP)
Mydriasis; dilation of pupils
Decrease secretion of salivary glands
Bladder relaxation; urinary sphincter contraction increases
Alpha 2 agonist
Location: blood vessels, GI tract, smooth muscle
Response: inhibits the release of epinephrine
Dilates blood vessels- vasodilation
Hypotension- low BP
Decrease GI motility and tone
Beta 1 agonist
Location: heart, kidneys- remember we have one heart as humans
Response: increase rate/force of contraction
Increases renin secretion, which increases blood pressure
Beta 2 agonist
Location: lungs, GI tract,liver
Response:dilates bronchioles- bronchodilation
Promotes GI and uterine relaxation
Promotes increase in blood glucose through glycogenolysis in the liver
Increases blood flow in skeletal muscles
Adrenergic agonists or sympathomimetics
Drugs that stimulate sympathetic nervous system
- mimic the sympathetic neurotransmitters norepinephrine and epinephrine
- act on more then 1 adrenergic receptor sites located in the effector cells of muscles
- heart, bronchiole walls, GI tract, urinary bladder, ciliary muscles of the eye
Sympathetic responses “fight or flight”
Pupils dilate Bronchioles dilate Increased heart rate Blood vessels vasoconstriction GI muscle relax Bladder muscles relax Uterus muscles relax
Nursing interventions with epinephrine
- monitor BP, HR, urine output
- report tachycardia, palpitation(skipping heart), tremors (shaking), dizziness, and hypertension
- monitor IV site for infiltration
- avoid cold medicines and diet pills if hypertensive, diabetic, CAD, or dysrhythmic
Adrenergic blockers
Antagonist
Sympatholytics
Drugs that block the effect of adrenergic neurotransmitter
Block alpha and beta receptor sites
Directly: by occupying receptors
Indirectly: by inhibiting release of neurotransmitters epinephrine and norepinephrine
Alpha 1 antagonist
- vasodilation
- decreased BP hypotension
- reflex tachycardia might result
- pupils constrict
- reduces contraction of smooth muscle in bladder and prostate
Beta 1 antagonist
Reduces cardiac contractility
Decreases pulse
Beta 2 antagonist
Bronchoconstriction
Contracts uterus
Inhibits gylcogenolysis
Beta blocker
Also called beta adrenergic antagonist
Decrease in HR, causing decrease in BP
A nurse is administering epinephrine to a patient during a cardiac arrest. The primary desired action of the medication is to
Stimulate a heart rate
The nurse is teaching the patient about side effects of atenolol. These include
Bronchospasm
A patient has been prescribed atenolol. To ensure safe dosing, the nurse teaches the patient to frequently asses what parameter
Heart rate
To monitor for anatagonist, teach clients to monitor HR and BP.
