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From Flashcardlet > Adrenergic Agonist & Blockers > Flashcards

Adrenergic Agonist & Blockers Flashcards

0
Q

What is the Adrenergic Agonists action on the eyes?

A

dilates pupils

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1
Q

What does the function of Adrenergic Agonists work on?

A

Sympathetic nervous system - eyes, lung, heart, blood vessels, gastrointestinal, bladder and uterus

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2
Q

What is the Adrenergic Agonists action on the lungs?

A

dilates bronchioles

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3
Q

What is the Adrenergic Agonists action on the heart?

A

increase HR rate

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4
Q

What is the Adrenergic Agonists action on the blood vessels?

A

constricts blood vessels

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5
Q

What is the Adrenergic Agonists action on the gastrointestinal?

A

relaxes

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6
Q

What is the Adrenergic Agonists action on the?bladder>

A

relaxes

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7
Q

What is the Adrenergic Agonists action on the uterus?

A

relaxes

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8
Q

What are the effects of adrenergic receptor site Alpha1 when on Adrenergic Agonist?

A

Increases cardiac contractility, vasoconstriction
Dilates pupils, decrease salivary gland secretion
Increase bladder & prostate contraction

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9
Q

What are the effects of adrenergic receptor site Alpha2 when on Adrenergic Agonist?

A

Inhibits norepinephrine release.
-promotes vasodilation/decreased BP.
Decrease GI motility and tone.

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10
Q

When Norepinephrine release is inhibited with Alpha2, what does it promote?

A

Promote vasodilation

decreased BP

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11
Q

What are the effects of adrenergic receptor site Beta1 when on Adrenergic Agonists?

A

Increases cardiac contractility, heart rate

Increases renin secretion, BP

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12
Q

What are the effects of adrenergic receptor site Beta2 when on Adrenergic Agonists?

A 
Decreases GI tone and motility
Bronchodilation
Increases blood flow in skeletal muscles
Relaxes uterus
Activates liver glycogenolysis
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13
Q

What happens when Liver Glycogenolysis is activated?

A

increases blood glucose

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14
Q

What are the effects of adrenergic receptor on Dopaminergic sites?

A

Vasodilation - Increases blood flow

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15
Q

What is Dopaminergic?

A

another adrenergic receptor that is only activated by dopamine

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16
Q

Where is Dopaminergic site located?

A

located in the renal, mesenteric, coronary, and cerebral arteries

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18
Q

Which Adrenergic Agonist are direct-acting sympathomimetics?

A

Epinephrine

Norepinephrine

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19
Q

What do Direct-Acting sympathomimetics do?

A

directly stimulate adrenergic receptors

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20
Q

What do Indirect-acting sympathomimetics stimulate?

A

release of norepinephrine from terminal nerve endings

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21
Q

What drug is an Adrenergic Agonist are indirect-acting sympathomimetics?

A

Amphetamine

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22
Q

What does mixed-acting sympathomimetics stimulate?

A

adrenergic receptor sites and stimulate release of norepinephrine from terminal nerve endings

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23
Q

What is an example of an Adrenergic Agonist are mixed-acting sympathomimetics?

A

Ephedrine

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24
Q

What are Catecholamines?

A

chemical structures of a substance that can produce a sympathomimetic response

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25
Q

What are the Endogenous Catecholamines?

A

Epinephrine
norepinephrine
dopamine

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26
Q

What are the Synthetic Catecholamines?

A

Isoproterenol

dobutamine

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27
Q

What do Noncatecholamines stimulate?

A

adrenergic receptors

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28
Q

What is the duration of Noncatecholamines compared to Endogenous and Synthetic Catecholamines?

A

Duration of action is longer in Noncatecholamines

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29
Q

What are three examples of Noncatecholamines?

A

Phenylephrine
metaproterenol
albuterol

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30
Q

What is does Epinephrine (Adrenalin) do?

A

it is nonselective as it excites three different adrenergic receptors approximately equally

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31
Q

What is the action of Epinephrine on Alpha1 receptor site?

A

increases the blood pressure

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32
Q

What is the action of Epinephrine on Beta1 receptor site?

A

increases heart rate

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33
Q

What is the action of Epinephrine on Beta2 receptor site?

A

promotes bronchodilation

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34
Q

What are the contraindications and caution for Epinephrine (Adrenalin)?

A

Cardiac dysrhythmias
Hypertension
Hyperthyroidism
Pregnancy

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35
Q

What is the inotropic action of Epinephrine?

A

strengthens myocardial contraction

increasing cardiac output

36
Q

What is the Vasoconstrictor action of Epinephrine?

A

increases heart rate and systolic blood pressure

37
Q

What are the three actions of Epinephrine?

A

Inotropic
Vasoconstrictor
Bronchodilator

38
Q

What are the uses of Epinephrine?

A 
Anaphylaxis
anaphylactic shock
Bronchospasms
Cardiogenic shock
cardiac arrest
39
Q

What are the SE of Epinephrine?

A 
Cardiac dysrhythmias
Hypotension
flushing
reflex tachycardia
Decrease renal perfusion
40
Q

What are the drug interactions with Epinephrine and Beta-blockers?

A

Decreases epinephrine action

41
Q

What are the drug interactions with Epinephrine and Digoxin?

A

Causes cardiac dysrhythmias

42
Q

What needs to be monitored when pt is on Epinephrine?

A 
Monitor:
BP 
HR rate
urine output (early detection of renal perfusion) 
IV site for infiltration
43
Q

What needs to be reported when patient is taking Epinephrine?

A 
tachycardia
palpitations
tremors
dizziness
hypertension
44
Q

What is the Antidote for Epinephrine?

A

phentolamine mesylate (Regitine)

45
Q

What needs to be avoided when taking Epinephrine?

A

Avoid cold medicines and diet pills if hypertensive, diabetic, CAD, or dysrhythmic.
Avoid continuous use of adrenergic nasal sprays.

46
Q

What does patient need to avoid when on Epinephrine and is breast feeding?

A

Adrenergics

47
Q

What does Albuterol act on?

A

beta2-adrenergic receptors

48
Q

What does Albuterol promote?

A

bronchodilation

49
Q

What are the uses of Albuterol?

A 
Treats:
bronchospasm
asthma
bronchitis
COPD
50
Q

What are the cautions with Albuterol?

A 
Severe cardiac disease
Hypertension
hyperthyroidism
Diabetes mellitus
pregnancy
51
Q

What are the SE/AR of Alburterol?

A 
Tremors
nervousness/restlessness
Dizziness
reflex tachycardia
Hallucinations
Cardiac dysrhythmias
52
Q

What drug interaction does Albuterol increase the effect of?

A

with other sympathomimetics
MAO inhibitors
tricyclic antidepressants

53
Q

What drug interaction does Albuterol antagonize the effect of?

A

Beta blockers

54
Q

What do Adrenergic blockers block the effect of?

A

blocks adrenergic neurotransmitter - alpha and beta receptor sites

55
Q

How do Adrenergic Blockers block alpha and beta receptor sites directly?

A

Directly by occupying receptors

56
Q

How do Adrenergic Blockers block alpha and beta receptor sites indirectly?

A

Indirectly by inhibiting release of neurotransmitters epinephrine and norepinephrine

57
Q

What are the effects of Adrenergic Blockers at Alpha1 receptor site on the blood and heart?

A

Vasodilation
decreased BP
reflex tachycardia

58
Q

What are the effects of Adrenergic Blockers at Alpha1 receptor site on the eyes?

A

pupil constriction

59
Q

What are the effects of Adrenergic Blockers at Alpha1 receptor site on ejaculation?

A

suppresses ejaculation

60
Q

What are the effects of Adrenergic Blockers at Alpha1 receptor site on the smooth muscles?

A

Reduces contraction of smooth muscles in bladder neck and prostate

61
Q

What are the effects of adrenergic blockers at Beta1 receptor site on the heart?

A

Reduces cardiac contractility

Decreases pulse

62
Q

What are the effects of adrenergic blockers at Beta2 receptor site?

A

Bronchoconstriction
Contracts uterus
Inhibits glycogenolysis

63
Q

Where do Alpha Blocker drugs inhibit a response at?

A

at alpha-adrenergic receptor site

64
Q

What do Selective Alpha Blockers block?

A

Alpha1

65
Q

What do Nonselective Alpha Blockers block?

A

alpha1 and alpha2

66
Q

what is the action of Alpha Blockers?

A

Promote Vasodilation

67
Q

What is the use of Alpha Blockers?

A

to decrease symptoms of BPH and PVD

68
Q

What is the action of Beta-Adrenergic Blockers?

A

decreases blood pressure and HR rate

69
Q

What do the nonselective beta blockers block?

A

Blocks:
beta1
beta2

70
Q

What is an example of Nonselective Beta-Adrenergic Blockers?

A

Propranolol HCl (Inderal)

71
Q

What are the uses of Propranolol HCl (Inderal)?

A

Angina
cardiac dysrhythmias
hypertension
heart failure

72
Q

What is a contraindication of Propranolol?

A

COPD

73
Q

What are the SE/AR of Nonselective Propranolol?

A

Weight gain
impotence
decreased libido
reversible alopecia

74
Q

What drugs decreases effects of Propranolol?

A 
Phenytoin
isoproterenol
NSAIDs
barbiturates
caffeine
theophylline
75
Q

What may occur if Propranolol is given with Digoxin or Calcium channel blockers?

A

Heart block

76
Q

What do Selective Beta Blockers block?

A

Beta1 blockers only

77
Q

What is the action of Selective Beta blockers?

A

Decrease BP and HR rate

78
Q

What are two examples of Selective Beta-Adrenergic blockers?

A

Metoprolol (Lopressor)

Atenolol

79
Q

What are the SE/AR of Metoprolol and Atenolol?

A 
Bradycardia
hypotension
dysrhythmias
headaches
dizziness/fainting
fatigue
mental depression
N/, diarrhea
blood dyscrasias
hypoglycemia
80
Q

What are the drug interactions with NSAIDS and Beta-Adrenergic blockers such as Metoprolol?

A

decreases effect

81
Q

What drug interaction increases the effect of Beta-Adrenergic blockers such as Metoprolol?

A

Prazosin
terazosin
atropine
anticholinergics

82
Q

What increases the risk of hypoglycemia withBeta-Adrenergic blockers such as Metoprolol?

A

Insulin

Sulfonylureas

83
Q

What do Adrenergic neuron blockers block the release of?

A

norepinephrine from the sympathetic terminal neurons

84
Q

What is the use of Adrenergic Neuron Blockers?

A

decrease BP

85
Q

What is an example of Adrenergic Neuron Blockers?

A

Reserpine (Serpalan)

86
Q

The nurse is teaching a client who is taking
metoprolol (Lopressor). What should the nurse
consider the highest priority in teaching side
effects/adverse effects?

A

Answer: Instruct the client how to take a pulse

Rationale: It is most important for the client to learn how to monitor the heart rate because of the side effect of bradycardia with metoprolol.

87
Q 
Which drug should the nurse realize may interact with propranolol (Inderal)
A. Antacid
B. Phenytoin
C. Phentolamine
D. Tricyclic antidepressant
A

Answer: B. Phenytoin

Rationale: Drug that interact with metoprolol include phenytoin, isoproterenol, NSAIDs, barbiturates, caffeine, and theophylline, which decrease propranolol’s effects.

From Flashcardlet (107 decks)

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