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AACC > Africa culture > Flashcards

Africa culture Flashcards

1
Q

Egypts ancient name

A

Misr

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2
Q

When was Egypt first settled

A

5000 B.C.

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3
Q

Why did Egyptian civilization develop?

A

Because of the Nile

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4
Q

Where is Egypt located?

A

Northeast of Africa, surrounded by natural barriers like deserts, mountains, the Mediterranean Sea.

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5
Q

What was the Nile used for?

A
  • Drinking and bathing, they depended on annual flooding of the Nile.
  • Agriculture, the nile provided rich soil, water, and helped invent new things like terrace farming, the plow
  • Transportation, they used the river to transport items using boats, this also encouraged trade throughout Africa.
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6
Q

What was the role of a Pharaoh?

A

Pharaoh appointed governors.
Governors collected taxes and served as judges, made sure water was shared equally, etc.

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7
Q

What did Egyptians believe the Pharaoh was

A

The child of Ra, the sun god. They believed the Pharaoh gave life to them and worshipped the Pharaoh. One of the earliest forms of theocracy

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8
Q

What did scribes do?

A
  • Pharaoh’s record keepers
  • Very educated in writing, reading, and math
  • Highly respected
  • Only boys
  • Only the scribes used hieroglyphics.
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9
Q

What was the social pyramid?

A

Where a person’s position in society was ranked off by their gender, profession, wealth. Slaves being the lowest, the Pharaoh being the highest.

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10
Q

What was slavery like in Egypt?

A

Slaves came from Nubia and Syria, they did the hard labor like mining gold, planting crops, working as servants, etc.
Slaves had the right to be treated properly and could even own property.

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11
Q

What was Kush?

A

Kingdom that had cultural impact on Egypt before 3200 BC. Located between modern day Egypt and Ethiopia, upper Nile. Much influenced by the Egyptians, the name “Kush” is the word for “gold”

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12
Q

How important is religion in Africa?

A

Explains what food to eat, ceremonies to celebrate, clothes to wear, work to do. Following these religions and traditions are very important. Ex, the Dama

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13
Q

Why is religion followed?

A

To keep the community safe

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14
Q

Belief in a spirit world in which the dead and spirits live.

A

Ancestral Worship.
Animism - religious beliefs that everything on earth contains a spirit or soul.

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15
Q

What do religious leaders do for the community?

A

Priests - Talk to the spirits and ancestors explaining the cause of problems in your life.
Diviners/Fortune Tellers - Help finding a solution to your physical and emotional problems.
Dancers - link between the spiritual and secular; the wearer becomes the spirit when they put on the mask.

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16
Q

What is Africa’s geography like?

A
  • 2nd largest continent
  • 15% of world population with 1.2 billion people.
  • There’s many people, workers, land, resources.
  • Vast plateu
  • Mountain ranges, cataracts, Great rift valley, fertile farmland.
17
Q

What is the water like in Africa?

A

Lots of rainfall, rivers, makes hydroelectric power. This provides fish, fertile soil, transportation energy.
Though there are floods, droughts, uneven spread of water.

18
Q

Where do the resources of Africa go?

A

Africa have a lot of resources which are usually exported out the country for money. This is so they can build urban cities and develop the country. Though it is unevenly distributed, ethnic and regional conflicts.

19
Q

Commodity

A

A valuable product, which is a need to live, a necessity.

20
Q

Describe the Gold Salt Trade

A

A big trade between gold and salt, as salt was very valuable back then. The Gold-Salt Trade spread religions, ideas, languages, cultures, and a reason to the rise of many kingdoms.

21
Q

The Kingdom of Ghana

A
  • On the broad “V” made by the Niger and Senegal rivers.
  • Mostly Muslim, some traditional African religions
  • Were rich, controllers of Gold-salt trade, as they were the land of gold.
  • Feudalism
  • Almoravids conquered in late 1100s, and gave rise to Mali.
22
Q

The Kingdom of Mali

A
  • Near Ghana, northwest of Africa
  • Mostly Muslim
  • Rich, lots of gold, doing well in wealth.
  • Monarchy
  • A weakening Mali was taken over by Songhai.
23
Q

Kingdom of Songhai

A
  • In present day Mali and Ghana, northwest Africa.
  • Traditional religious beliefs.
  • Wealthy from gold-salt trade.
  • Monarchy
  • A civil war erupted after frequent changes in leadership, which weakened Songhai, Morocco took advantage and defeated Songhai.
24
Q

Benin & Hausa

A
  • South of the savannah, now Nigeria
  • Muslim
  • Rich, wealthy from the Gold-salt trade.
  • Monarchy
25
Q

Who was Ibn Battuta and what did he do?

A

He was a man who treated frequently, was able to trade easily and quickly, getting wealthy from this. he influenced many people, cultures, countries from his travels.

26
Q

Kingdom of Axum

A
  • East Africa, southwest of Nubia.
  • Mostly Christianity
  • Trade Network: Africa, India, Mediterranean, Ivory Coast.
  • King Christianity, Monarchy
  • Declined from a civil war
27
Q

Kingdom of Ethiopia

A
  • East-Africa
  • Mostly Christianity, some Judaism
  • Economic Power, craftmesnship
  • King Monarchy
  • Some left for holy lands
28
Q

Kingdom of Great Zimbabwe

A
  • Southwest Africa, inland
  • Religion not sure
  • Inland trading center with India, China, was extremely wealthy.
  • Monarchy
  • Overpopulation, environment turning dry & bad, decline in products, productivity, believed to have eventually led to famine and hunger.
29
Q

What bond held society together?

A

Family loyalty

30
Q

Lineage and clan

A
  • Lineages link many different families
  • A clan is several lineages.
31
Q

Farming examples of Africa

A
  • Subsistence farming (producing just enough resources for themselves, without much surplus)
  • People saw the land as community property.
32
Q

Lives of women in Africa

A
  • They prepared their children for life
  • Sometimes were leaders
  • Women did the planting, weeding, and harvesting
  • Has bride wealth (Husband gives money to bride’s family to show respect to women)

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