After WW2

Question 1

Phrase or word that contains multiple meanings in a particular context.

Answer 1

Double entendre

Question 2

Double entendre

Answer 2

Phrase or word that contains multiple meanings in a particular context.

Question 3

Refers to the story that an image tells.

Answer 3

Visual narrative

Question 4

Visual narrative

Answer 4

Refers to the story that an image tells.

Question 5

A form of figurative language in which something is referred to by something else that is associated with it.

Answer 5

Metonymy

Question 6

Metonymy

Answer 6

A form of figurative language in which something is referred to by something else that is associated with it. For example ‘Hollywood’ is often used to refer to any US made film.

Question 7

Theory of how signs and symbols construct meaning.

Answer 7

Semiotics

Question 8

Semiotics

Answer 8

Theory of how signs and symbols construct meaning.

Question 9

In photography, this states that, if an image were divided into a grid of nine equal parts, the subject of the image should not appear in the middle part.

Answer 9

Rule of Thirds

Question 10

Rule of Thirds

Answer 10

In photography, this states that, if an image were divided into a grid of nine equal parts, the subject of the image should not appear in the middle part. By decentralising the subject, the audience is drawn to the image. Important elements of the image should appear close to the lines of the grid.

Question 11

Object or sign that stands for a person, place, thing or idea. The relationship between the sign and that which it represents is not self-evident.

Answer 11

Symbol

Question 12

Symbol

Answer 12

It is an object or sign that stands for a person, place, thing or idea. The relationship between the sign and that which it represents is not self-evident. For example the hammer and sickle represent communism and the former Soviet Union.

Question 13

Phrase or sentence that serves to clarify an idea or product.

Answer 13

Tagline

Question 14

Tagline

Answer 14

It is a phrase or sentence that serves to clarify an idea or product. It is often used in marketing and advertising together with still or moving images.

Question 15

It is an abstraction of the thing that it represents.

Answer 15

Icon

Question 16

Icon

Answer 16

It is an abstraction of the thing that it represents. At a train station you may see a representation of a train, indicating where one can find a platform. At a supermarket you may see a representation of fruit and vegetables, indicating where one can find produce.

Question 17

Advertisement vs propaganda

Answer 17

Advertisement: a picture, short film, song, etc. that tries to persuade people to buy a product or service.

Propaganda: information, ideas, opinions, or images, often only giving one part of an argument, that are spread with the intention of influencing people’s opinions.

Question 18

How to analyze a poster

Answer 18

• Who’s the targeted audience
• Advertisement or propaganda
• Focus: What do you look at first?
• How does white space help the layout in the design?
• What effect do the colors have on the viewer’s emotions?
  -How is the image built (proportions, size)?
• Font choice
• What images have been used?
• The relation between the text and the image? How is the image anchored in the text?

Question 19

Context for the American women in WW2

Answer 19

350 women served in the army, 1/4 women, in more types of jobs than ever. But the return of the male soldiers at the end of the war pressured married women to go back to a stay at home life.

The women’s army corp was voted by the congress in 1942 and let women work in non-combatant jobs. Many women started working in the aircraft industry. Magazines and posters played a key role to recruit them. They earned half as much as the male workforce.

Question 20

Rosie the Riveter

Answer 20

Rosie the Riveter is a song in 1942, played on the national radio and recorded by various artists. It became quite popular. It inspired a poster by Rockwell representing an American female enrolled in the army. And the famous “We can do it” by Miller.

“Rosie the Riveter” is the name of a fictional character who came to symbolize the millions of real women who filled America’s factories, munitions plants, and shipyards during World War II. In later years, Rosie also became an iconic American image in the fight to broaden women’s civil rights.

Question 21

Allegory of the women American enrolled in the army.

Answer 21

Rosie the Riveter

Question 22

Rowell’s version of Rosie

Answer 22

In the Post’s cover illustration, Rockwell’s Rosie is shown on her lunch break, eating a sandwich from her opened lunch pail as her riveting gun rests on her lap. A giant American flag waves behind her. Rosie appears content, gazing off into the distance. However, Rockwell portrays her with some important details, from the lace handkerchief visible in her right hand pocket, to her foot placed smack on the cover of Adolph Hitler’s Mein Kampf at the bottom of the painting.

Rosie became one of the most successful recruitment tools in American history.

Question 23

Miller’s version of Rosie

Answer 23

In 1942, Miller was hired to create a series of posters to motivate employees for the war effort. Rosie appears as a very feminine figure, expressing her strength in showing off her arm muscles. Yellow background that conveys ideas of enthusiasm, and colors of the American flag.

It was rediscovered in the 80’s and associated with women liberation.

Question 24

How to analyse a photography?

Answer 24

• Photographer
• Date
• Location
• Caption?
• Subject
• What’s happening?
• Foreground & background
• Where is the eye drawn first?
• What emotion does it evoke?
• Why was the photo taken (ad, documentary, art, sale…)?
• Why did the photograph make these decisions?
• Is it posed?
• What moment was it taken?

Question 25

Iwo Jima context

Answer 25

Battle between US marines & Japan in 1945. Lasted 5 weeks when the US thought it would take a few days. Led to many deaths, with the strategic utility questioned at the end.

A photo was taken at the beginning. The US had conquered a mount on the island and the soldiers are planting a flag. The picture inspired a statue to remember the lost US soldiers.

It was questioned whether the picture was staged. It is important because the battle led to the surrender of Japan.

There is asymmetry as the flag is in diagonal. But also symmetry with the darker floor, putting focus on the lighter center.