Agriculture

Question 1

Potato (Solanum tuberosum)

Answer 1

Where: Andes
How: grown underground
Impact: good, varieties vanishing because of monoculture (bad)

Question 2

Sugar (Saccharum officinarum)

Answer 2

Where: Indonesia
How: perennial grass, before the plant flowers, it is cut down, vegetative reproduction (regrows after cut), before the fruit is harvested burn the fields
Impact: ugly, sugar releases nitrogen which flows into water and damages coral reefs (e.g. Florida everglades), monoculture

Question 3

Cacao (Theobroma cacao)

Answer 3

Where: the Andes and various places in Africa, Nigeria, Ivory Coast, Cameroon
How: requires lots of heat, water, and shade
Impact: good, however the introduction of shrub-like plants for chocolate is bad because no canopy so no diversity

Question 4

Tea (Camellia sinensis)

Answer 4

Where: China
How: from the leaves of a small shrub
Impact: bad because it’s monoculture (specifically in Bangladesh and Java)

Question 5

Coffee (Coffea arabica)

Answer 5

Where: highlands of Yemen and Ethiopia
How: keep the canopy and plant the coffee pods
Impact: shade coffee is good, sun coffee is bad because you cut the canopy so it leads to deforestation

Question 6

Rubber Tree (Hevea brasiliensis)

Answer 6

Where: Brazilian Amazon, Southeast Asia
How: cut slash into tree and and let sap run
Impact: good when comes from natural rubber tappers, bad in Southeast Asia because of monoculture

Question 7

Cereal Origin and Importance

Answer 7

Origin: Iran 7500 BC
Importance: provides nutritious meals around the globe

Question 8

Orange Origin

Answer 8

China

Question 9

Pineapple Origin

Answer 9

Paraguay

Question 10

What is the number one cash crop in California?

Answer 10

Hemp

Question 11

Big Five Crops of California

Answer 11

1. Almonds
2. Grapes
3. Lettuce
4. Strawberries
5. Tomatoes
6. Flowers
7. Walnuts
8. Hay
9. Dairy Products

Question 12

GMOs

Answer 12

Incorporates desired traits of food and animals to transgenic food. Now it is possible to change genes in bacteria, plants, and animals to get more desirable characteristics.

Question 13

Pros of GMOs

Answer 13

1. large yield and increased nutrition (green revolution)
2. disease and pest-resistant (e.g cotton resistance to bugs)
3. increase environmental tolerance (smaller amounts of water), graphing: cut off the bottom part of the tree and tie it to a tree with lots of fruits– make it drought resistant)
4. added vaccines to the crops
5. less erosion from less water

Question 14

How do you say “hello” in Tongva

Answer 14

Miyiiha

Question 15

California supplies the US with __ of all vegetables and __ of all fruits

Answer 15

1/3 and 2/3