Alcohol Flashcards
What are the criteria for addiction
Tolerance
Withdrawal
Persistent desire/unsuccessful attempt to stop
Substance used for longer periods than intended
Important vocational, social or recreational activities given up because of it
Much time seeking or recovering from substance
Persistent use despite awareness of damage
Acute effects of alcohol
Euphoria Impaired judgement Reduced anxiety Ataxia Anterograde amnesia Sedation Vomiting Respiratory depression
6 hour alcohol withdrawal symptoms
Tremor, nausea, vomiting, anxiety, insomnia, raised pulse BP and temp
7-48 hour alcohol withdrawal symptoms
Seizures
48-72 hours alcohol withdrawal symptoms
Delerium Tremens
Delerium Tremens presentation
Tremor, visual hallucinations, persecutory delusions, confusion, agitation
How is alcohol withdrawal managed
Chlordiazepoxide or diazepam
What is Korsakoff’s syndrome
Progression from Wernicke’s + amnesia and confabulation
Acute effects of opiates
Euphoria, drowsiness, constricted pupils, shallow breathing
When do withdrawal symptoms appear from opiates
6 hours post dose, peak 36-72 hours
What are opiate withdrawal symptoms
Anxiety, craving, yawning, sweating, abdo pain, dilated pupils, nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea
Signs of opiate overdose
LOC, respiratory depression, pinpoint pupils
Treatment for opiate overdose
Naloxone
Treatment for stopping opiates
Methadone - long acting opiate, prevents withdrawal and drug seeking.
What are the symptoms of Wernicke’s encephalopathy
Ataxia, opthalmoplegia, confusion
