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Virology/Chemo- Pharm > Alkylating Agents > Flashcards

Alkylating Agents Flashcards

1
Q

Are alkylating agents cell cycle specific or cell cycle non-specific?

A

Cell cycle non-specific

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2
Q

What are the resistance mechanisms to alkylating agents?

A

Resistance is due to enhanced DNA repair or binding to sulfur containing molecules

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3
Q

Which nucleotides are alkylating by alkylating agents/

A

N-7 of guanine

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4
Q

What activates cyclophosphamide?

A

Cytochrome P450

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5
Q

Name two drugs similar to cyclophosphamide

A

Chlorambucil

Melphelan

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6
Q

Ifosfamide?

A

Isomer of cyclophosphamide.

Used in sarcoma and testicular canncer

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7
Q

Which alkylating agent is always administered with mesna?

A

Ifosfamide?

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8
Q

What is the dose limiting toxicity of ifosfamide?

A

Myelosuppression

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9
Q

What is the MOA of temozolomide?

A

Monofunctional alkylating agent.

It undergoes spontaneous hydrolysis to DNA reactive species and methylates DNA

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10
Q

When given over a long period of time, prophylaxis against what must be given with temozolomide?

A

Prophylaxis against PCP pneumonia (pneumocystis pneumonia)

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11
Q

Temozolomide is useful for which tumors?

A

Glioblastomas

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12
Q

Platinum (2+ oxidation state) binds covalently to which bases of DNA?

A

N7 position of adenine and guanine (purines)

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13
Q

What DNA adducts are formed by all platinum coordination compounds?

A

Intrastrand adducts
Interstrand crosslinks

(They are bifunctional)

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14
Q

What is the dose limiting toxicity of cisplatin?

A

Nephrotoxicity- mitigate with diuresis/mannitol diuresis

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15
Q

Cisplatin can be curative for which cancer?

A

Testicular cancer

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16
Q

What is the dose limiting toxicity for carboplatin?

A

Myelosuppression

17
Q

Which two platinum drugs are cross resistant?

A

Cisplatin and carboplatin

18
Q

Oxaliplatin is especially useful in which cancer?

A

Colon cancer

19
Q

What is the dose limiting toxicity of oxaliplatin?

A

Nephrotoxicity/myelosuppression

20
Q

Which patients require dose reduction with vincristine?

A

Patients with elevated bilirubin

21
Q

What is the dose limiting toxicity with vincristine?

A

Neuropathy

22
Q

Which cancers are treated with vincristine?

A

Lymphoma, lymphoblastic leukemia, Hodgkin’s disease

23
Q

Dose reductions for taxols are needed in which patients?

A

Hepatic dysfunction- due to hepatic metabolism of the drug

24
Q

Premedication is given with paclitaxel to prevent what?

A

Allergic reaction to solvent

25
Q

What is the advantage of albumin bound paclitaxel?

A

No allergic reactions and less myelosuppression/less neuropathy

26
Q

Etoposide is cell specific for which phase?

A

G1-S

27
Q

What is the dose limiting toxicity of etoposide?

A

Myelosuppression

Virology/Chemo- Pharm (5 decks)

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