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Acute Care > ALS CPR > Flashcards

ALS CPR Flashcards

1
Q

What is the first step of CPR

A

Hazards

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2
Q

What do you look for when checking for hazards

A

ensure that the scene is safe

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3
Q

what is the second step of CPR

A

Hello

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4
Q

what are we looking for when checking for the second step of CPR

A
  • Unresponsive
  • Not breathing or only gasping
  • Pulse
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5
Q

what is the third step of CPR

A

Help

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6
Q

what do you do in step 3 of CPR

A
  • call for assistance
  • AED/ defib
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7
Q

name the 3 steps of CPR

A
  1. hazards
  2. hello
  3. help
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8
Q

what do you do when your patient has a pulse and is breathing

A
  • place in recovery position
  • check for continued breathing
  • reassess continuously
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9
Q

what do you do when the patient has
a pulse but no effective breathing

A

give rescue breaths

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10
Q

how many rescue breaths for an adult

A

every 6 seconds

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11
Q

how many rescue breaths for a child

A

every 5 seconds

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12
Q

how many rescue breaths for a infant

A

every 4 seconds

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13
Q

what do you do when your patient has no pulse or you not sure

A

start CPR

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14
Q

what do you do when the pulse rate <60 in children and infants

A

start CPR

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15
Q

what are the 2 components of CPR

A
  1. compressions
  2. breathing
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16
Q

characteristics of chest compressions

A
  • compress the chest fast (almost 2 per second)
    *push hard/ ensure full chest recoil
    *minimize interruptions
17
Q

what is the rate of chest compressions per minute

A

100- 120 per minute

18
Q

characteristics’ of high quality CPR

A
  • compression rate 100- 120 per minute
  • avoid excess ventilation: 1 breath every 6 seconds if advanced airway
    *rotate compressions every 2 minutes
    consider capnography and arterial monitoring
19
Q

rate of breaths

A

2 breaths at 1 breath/ second

20
Q

adult ratio of compression to breaths

A

30:2

21
Q

child/ infant ratio of compression: breaths

A

15:2

22
Q

when do you stop performing the CPR

A

when the AED/ Defib arrives

23
Q

what do you do when you re unable to perform breaths

A

do continuous compressions until equipment arrives

24
Q

advanced considerations

A
  1. correct contributory causes
  2. obtain IV/IO access, take ABG/VBG
  3. give high levels of FiO2, and consider advanced airway if required
  4. continuous chest compressions after advanced airway in place
  5. consider adrenaline and antiarrhythmics
    * Adrenaline 1mg every 3-5 min (0.01mg/ kg in paed)
    *amiodarone 300mg followed by 150mg (5mg/kg in paed) or if not available
    lignocaine 1mg/kg initial, followed by o.5mg/kg (max 3mg/kg)
25
Q

list the contributory causes of cardiac arrest

A
  • hypoxia
    *hypovolemia
    *hypothermia
    *hydrogen ion (acidosis)
    *hypo- /hyperkalemia
    *hypoglycemia
    *tension pneumothorax
    *tamponade (cardia arrest)
    *toxins
    *trauma
    *thrombosis (coronary)
    *thrombosis (pulmonary)
26
Q

what you analysis of the AED/ Defib machine

A

rhythm

27
Q

why you analysis the rhythm on the AED/ Def machine

A

if it is a shockable condition

28
Q

with which ones is shock advised

A

ventricular fibrillation
ventricular tachycardia

29
Q

with which rhythms is shock no advised

A

PEA
asystole

30
Q

what do you do if shock is advised

A

give 1 shock

31
Q

monophasic

A

360J

32
Q

biphasic

A

120-360J

33
Q

Paediatric

A

4J/ KG

34
Q

what do you do after shocking the patient

A

immediately resume CPR starting with compressions
continue for 2 minutes

35
Q

what are the options if shock is not advised

A
  • if signs of life present monitor and provide post ROSC care
  • if absent- continue CPR
36
Q

what are the additional considerations in a patient with cardia arrest

A
  1. VA ECMO might be considered in appropriate centers when available
  2. Ultrasound can be considered as a diagnostic and procedural tool where training and resources exist
37
Q

give examples of hazards

A

blood (gloves/ apron)
respiratory illness e.g. TB mask

38
Q
A

Acute Care (15 decks)

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