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Anatomy 1 > anatomy 1 > Flashcards

anatomy 1 Flashcards

1
Q

how many body system are in the human body?

A

11

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2
Q

what are the two main divisons for the nervous system?

A

pheripheral and central nervous system

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3
Q

what are the two main components of the central nervous system?

A

brain and spinal cord

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4
Q

how many neurons does the brain contain?

A

about 100 billion

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5
Q

how many neurons does the spinal cord contain?

A

about 100 million

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6
Q

the brain and spinal cord are continous with one another through what foreman?

A

magnum

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7
Q

what does the peripheral nervous system comprise of? [7]

A

cranial nerves, their branches, spinal nerves their branches,ganglia, enteric plexuses and sensory receptors

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8
Q

how many cranial nerves?

A

12 pairs

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9
Q

olfactory nerve

A

cranial nerve I carries the sense of smell from your nose to your brain

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10
Q

how many spinal nerves?

A

31 pairs

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11
Q

L. Ganglia

A

swelling or knot

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12
Q

what are ganglia

A

masses of nervous tissue, consisting primarily of neuron cell bodies ; that are loacted outside the brain and spinal cord

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13
Q

what are enteric plexuses

A

in the walla of the gastrointestinal track, a network of neurons that help regulate digestion

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14
Q

what are the sensory receptors?

A

structures found in the skin that monitor external and interal environment changes; detect touch sensation

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15
Q

what are the three basic functions groups of the nervous system?

A

sensory function, integrative function and motor function

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16
Q

what is the main function of the sensory function?

A

to detect interal stimuli, such as increase blood pressure as well as external like a rain drop falling on your arm

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17
Q

what the neurons called that carry information towards the barin and spinal cord?

A

afferent neurons

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18
Q

L. af

A

toward

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19
Q

L. ferrent

A

carried

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20
Q

what are the main functions of the integrative function

A

the cognitive process of the sensory information by analyzing and storing information which allows us to make decisions

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21
Q

what is integration?

A

the ability to store thoughts, ideas and memories which allow us to make decisions

22
Q

what are the interneurons?

A

the vast majority of neurons are interneurous; they are neurons that interconnect with other neurons, their axons extend for a short distance

23
Q

what is the main functions for the motor functions

A

the motor response to sensory information such as muscle contraction or gland secretion

24
Q

the neurons that serve the motor functions are called?

A

motor or efferent neurons

25
Q

L. ef

A

away from

26
Q

somatic nerve system belongs in what main nerve system?

A

peripheral nerve system

27
Q

what are the nuerons called in the somatic nervous system? [2]

A

somatic sensory neuron and somatic motor neuron

28
Q

What is the somatic sensory neuron responsible for?

A

bringing information to the central nervous system

29
Q

what is the somatic sensory motor neuron responsible for?

A

bringing information from the central nervous system to the skeletal muscles only

30
Q

is the somatic nervous system voluntary?

A

yes

31
Q

L. auto

A

self

32
Q

L. nomic

A

law

33
Q

in the autonomic nervous sytem what are the neurons that are involoved called?[2]

A

autonomic [visceral] sensory neurons and autonomic motor neurons

34
Q

what are the autonomic [visceral] sensory neurons responsible for?

A

carry information to the central nervous system from the autonomic sensory receptors located primarily in the verseral organs

35
Q

what are the autonomic motor neurons responsible for?

A

carries information from the CNS to the smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glands.

36
Q

is the ANS[autonomic nervous system] voluntary?

A

no

37
Q

what are the two motor branch of ANS?

A

sympathetic division and parasympathetic division

38
Q

what is the sympathetic division is refered to as

A

‘fight or flight response’

39
Q

what is the parasympathetic division refered to as?

A

‘rest and digest’

40
Q

what is the major region that regulates smooth muscle of the cariovascular system

A

sympathetic division

41
Q

what is the major division repsosible for regulating the digestive and respiratory system

A

parasympathetic division

42
Q

L. enteron

A

intestines

43
Q

what is refered to as the ‘brain of the gut’?

A

ENS [ enteric nervous system]

44
Q

how many neurons is the ENS consist of?

A

about 100 million

45
Q

what nervous system has the ability to work without the CNS?

A

ENS

46
Q

what are the sensory neurons in the ENS reponsible for?

A

monoitoring chemical changes in the GI track as well as stretching the walls

47
Q

what are the motor neurons of the ENS responsible for?

A

contracting of the smooth muscle in the GI tract and secreting fluids such as acids into the stomach and endocrine cells which secrete hormones

48
Q

is the ENS voluntary?

A

no

49
Q

what are the two parts a neuro typically consists of?

A

cell body and nerve fibers

50
Q

what does nissl bodies do?

A

are located in the cell body of a neuron and are responsible for high levels of protein synthesis

51
Q

microtubcles do?

A

move information between cell bodies and axons

Anatomy 1 (1 decks)

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