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Anatomy > Anatomy 1 > Flashcards

Anatomy 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what does the axial skeleton include?

A
  • skull
  • vertebral column
  • ribs
  • sternum
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2
Q

what does the appendicular skeleton include (upper body)?

A
  • clavicle
  • scapula
  • humerus
  • ulna
  • radius
  • 8 carpals
  • 5 metacarpals
  • 14 phalanges
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3
Q

what does the appendicular skeleton include (lower body) ?

A
  • pelvis
  • femur
  • patella
  • tibia
  • fibula
  • 7 tarsals
  • 5 metatarsals
  • 14 phalanges
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4
Q

describe the bones of the hand

A
  • 8 carpals
  • 5 metacarpals
  • 14 phalanges
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5
Q

describe the bones of the foot

A
  • 7 tarsals
  • 5 metatarsals
  • 14 phalanges
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6
Q

describe the layers in a synovial joint

A
  • bone
  • hyaline cartilage
  • articular cavity
  • synovial membrane
  • fibrous membrane
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7
Q

what is the joint capsule?

A

the synovial membrane + the fibrous membrane

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8
Q

where is a pivot joint found?

A

between the C1 and C2 vertebrae

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9
Q

where is a hinge joint found?

A

elbow

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10
Q

where is a saddle joint found?

A

between the trapezium carpal bone and 1st metacarpal bone

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11
Q

where is a plane joint found?

A

between the tarsal bones

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12
Q

where is a condyloid joint found?

A

between the radius and the carpal bones of the wrist

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13
Q

where is a ball and socket joint found?

A

hip joint

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14
Q

name the two types of solid joint

A

fibrous and cartillaginous

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15
Q

name three types of fibrous joints

A
  • syndesmosis (between radius and ulna)
  • gomphosis (between tooth and bone)
  • sutures (between skull pieces)
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16
Q

name the membrane between the radius and ulna

A

interosseous membrne

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17
Q

name the ligament between the tooth and bone

A

periodontal ligament

18
Q

name the ligament between the skull bones

A

sutural ligament

19
Q

name the two types of cartilaginous solid joints

A
  • synchondrosis

- symphysis

20
Q

what do ligaments connect?

A

bone-bone

21
Q

what do tendons connect

A

muscle-bone

22
Q

turning the palm up- what movement?

A

supination

23
Q

turning the palm down- what movement?

A

pronation

24
Q

turning the foot in towards the midline- what movement?

A

inversion

25
Q

turning the foot out laterally- what movement?

A

eversion

26
Q

describe contrast media

A

barium/iodine compounds

27
Q

describe how contrast media works

A

they absorb x-rays more than soft tissue and can be injected or ingested

28
Q

describe how CT scans work

A
  • x-ray beams rotate around subject

- computer generates a reconstructed image from all the scans

29
Q

when is a CT scan useful?

A

for visualising bony structures

30
Q

describe how MRI scans work

A
  • no x-rays so no radiation
  • uses radiowaves
  • computer generates a planar image
31
Q

when is an MRI useful?

A

for visualising soft tissues

32
Q

describe how ultrasounds work

A
  • ultrasound scanner gives out and records reflections of ultrasonic waves
33
Q

what is the parietal pleura?

A

lines the inner aspect of the chest wall

34
Q

name the lining of the inner aspect of the chest wall

A

parietal pleura

35
Q

what is the visceral pleura?

A

covers the surface of the lungs

36
Q

what covers the surface of the lungs?

A

visceral pleura

37
Q

what does the abdominal cavity include?

A
  • 5 lumbar vertebrae

- muscles passing between the lowest ribs and the iliac crest of the pelvis

38
Q

what is the parietal peritoneum?

A

lining of the inner aspect of the abdominal wall

39
Q

name the lining of the inner aspect of the abdominal wall

A

parietal peritoneum

40
Q

what is the lining around an abdominal organ?

A

visceral peritoneum

41
Q

what is included in the pelvic inlet?

A
  • sacral promontory
  • sacral ara (‘wings’)
  • arcuate line
  • superior pubic ramus
  • pubic symphysis
42
Q

what is included in the pelvic outlet?

A
  • coccyx
  • sacrotuberous ligament
  • ischial tuberosity
  • isciopubic ramus
  • pubic symphysis

Anatomy (2 decks)

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