Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Renal > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Where do the kidneys and proximal ureters lie?

A

retroperitoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What lies in the pelvis?

A

Distal ureters
Bladder
proximal urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

where is the distal urethra?

A

Perineum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

At what vertebral level are the kidneys?

A

T12-L3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the anatomical position of the kidneys?

A

Anterior to quadratus lumborum & lateral to psoas major

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What ribs protect the kidneys?

A

11 and 12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Why does the right kidney lie lower to the left?

A

Due to the size of the liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does contuse mean?

A

Bruise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What region are the kidneys in?

A

Right/Left upper quadrant (Flank)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the hepatorenal recess part of?

A

Greater sac of the peritoneal cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The renal veins lie posterior to the renal arteries?

A

False, anterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Common iliac arteries are anterior to common iliac veins?

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What lymph nodes do the kidneys drain to?

A

Lumbar nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

At what level does the abdominal aorta bifurcate?

A

Umbilicus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What nodes do the ureters drain to?

A

Lumbar and iliac nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What can occur with a suprarenal AAA?

A

occlusion of the proximal renal artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What can occur with an infra-renal AAA?

A

renal artery stenosis

due to artherosclerosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does the kidney consist of?

A

Outer cortext

Inner medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How much pyramids does the human medulla contain?

A

27

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How many nephrons does each pyramid contain?

A

50,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What appearance do the pyramids have?

A

Striped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Where does the collecting duct take the urine?

A

minor calyx –> major calyx –> renal pelvis –> ureter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The diameter of the urine drainage tube increases until when?

A

Constriction at the pelviureteric junction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What does the wider renal pelvis become?

A

Ureter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What does the ureter often cross?

A

The bifurcation of the common iliac artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is the ureteric orifice?

A

Opening into one corner of the trigone on the floor of the bladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What are renal calculi?

A

Stones, (urine calcium salts)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is within the ureter walls?

A

smooth muscle

29
Q

What causes pain that ‘comes and goes’ (colicky)

A

Peristalsis waves to move a blockage

30
Q

When will urine production continue until?

A

The pressure within the urinary tract exceeds the pressures favouring filtration at the glomerulus

31
Q

What is hydronephrosis?

A

Urine back pressure into the calyces compresses the nephrons within medullary pyramids leading to renal failure

32
Q

What does acute hydronephrosis cause?

A

painful stretching of the renal capsule

33
Q

Kidney enlargement due to hydronephrosis is palpable during clinical examination?

A

True

34
Q

What is the level of the umbilicus?

A

L4

35
Q

What is the false pelvis?

A

From iliac crest to pelvic inlet and pasrts of the abdominal cavity

36
Q

What is the true pelvis?

A

Pelvic cavity

Pelvic inlet to the pelvic floor

37
Q

Where is the bladder?

A

Pelvic cavity

38
Q

What is the pelvic floor muscle?

A

Levator ani

39
Q

The ureter passes anterior to the common iliac vessels?

A

True

40
Q

AT what point do the ureters turn medially to enter the posterior bladder?

A

Level of the ischial spine

41
Q

What direction does the ureter enter the bladder?

A

Inferomedial

42
Q

Where is the vesico-uterine pouch?

A

Between bladder (vesical) and uterus

43
Q

Where is the rectouterine pouch? (Pouch of Douglas)

A

Most inferior part of the female peritoneal cavity

44
Q

Where does the ureter run with regards to the vas deferens?

A

Inferior

45
Q

Where does the ureter run with regards to the uterine tubes?

A

Inferiorly

46
Q

The prostate lies inferior to the bladder?

A

True

47
Q

What is the main wall muscle of the bladder?

A

Detrusor muscle

48
Q

What contracts during ejaculation to prevent semen entering the bladder?

A

Internal urethral sphincter muscle formed by the detrusor muscle

49
Q

Where does the prostate gland sit?

A

Inferior to badder

Posterior to rectum

50
Q

How long is the female urethra?

A

~4cm

51
Q

How long is the male urethra?

A

~20cm

52
Q

What is the meatus?

A

External urethra orifice

53
Q

What does the spermatic cord support?

A

Teste artery/vein
vas deferens
lymphatic vessels

54
Q

What is the sac called that the testes sit in within the scrotum?

A

Tunica vaginalis

55
Q

What is excess fluid in the tunica vaginalis

A

Hydrocele

56
Q

What vein drains deoxygenated blood from the testes?

A

Pampiniform venous plexus which drains into the testicular vein

57
Q

Where is the epididymis?

A 
Palpated at the posterior aspect of the testes
Proximal end (head) is located at posterior aspect of the superior pole of the testes
58
Q

Where is the vas deferens?

A

Palpated within the spermatic cord, within the scrotum, superior to the testes - feels like a thick piece of string

59
Q

What do prostatic ducts do?

A

Glandular secretions from prostate drain into prostatic urethra via these ducts

60
Q

What zone of the prostate gland is most susceptible to cancers?

A

Peripheral zone

61
Q

How many cylinders of erectile tissue are there in the penis?

A

3

62
Q

What does the corpus spongiosum do?

A

Transmit the spongy urethra and expands distally to form the glands

63
Q

What is the prepuce?

A

Foreskin

64
Q

What is the penile raphe?

A

Spongy urethra within the corpus spongiosum which lies deep

65
Q

What is paraphimosis?

A

Swelling of the penile glans

66
Q

What is the blood supply to the penis?

A

Deep arteries of the penis

branch from internal pudendal artery from the iliac artery

67
Q

What is the blood supply to the scrotum?

A

Internal pudendal and branches from external iliac artery

68
Q

What lymph drainage does the scrotum and most of the penis (not the glans) have?

A

Drain into the superficial inguinal lymph nodes found in the superficial fascia in the groin.

69
Q

What lymph drainage does the testes have?

A

Lumbar nodes around the abdominal aorta

Renal (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions