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Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Identify the plane that divides the body into Anterior and Posterior parts:

A

Answer: Coronal plane

Saggital = left/right

Frontal/coronal = anterior/posterior

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2
Q

The olecranol region is ______ to the umbilical region.

A

Lateral

Palmer = palm
Inguinal = groin
Crural = leg
Sural = calf
Pedal = foot
Plantar = sole of foot
Calcaneal = heel of foot
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3
Q

Identify the alternative name for superficial fascia:

A

Hypodermis

Another name for hypodermis = subcutaneous tissue

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4
Q

Melanin is produced by cells located in the ______.

A

Stratum basale

Tactile (merkel) cells are also located in the stratum basale

  • nails grow from the stratum basale of the nail matrix
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5
Q

Identify the bone of the visceral cranium:

A

Maxilla : “In My Loud Mind, Zebras Play Very Nice”

Bones of the Neurocranium: parietal, temporal, frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid and occipital

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6
Q

What type of vertebrae has a costal facet?

A. Thoracic
B. cervical
C. Lumbar
D. Cocxygeal 
E. Sacral
A

A. Thoracic

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7
Q

What type of vertebrae has transverse foramina?

A. Thoracic
B. cervical
C. Lumbar
D. Cocxygeal 
E. Sacral
A

B. cervical

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8
Q

Which of the following is NOT part of the ethmoid bone?

A

Answer: Inferior Nasal Conchae

Ethmoidal landmarks: crista galli, cribiform plate, superior/middle nasal conchae, perpendicular plate, olfactory foramina

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9
Q

The foramen magnum is a landmark on the _______ bone:

A

Occipital

Occipital bone foramina: hypoglossal canal, chondylar canal, jugular foramen, foramen magnum

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10
Q

The foramen lacerum is a landmark on the ____ bone.

A

Temporal bone and sphenoid

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11
Q

The mastoid process is ______ to the pteregoid hamulus:

A

Posterior

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12
Q

The internal auditory canal is ______ to the foramen rotundum:

A

Posterior

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13
Q

Identify the bony landmark of the scapula:

A

Glenoid cavity

other scapula landmarks: Coracoid process and Acromion

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14
Q

The styloid process is on the ______ end of the radius:

A

Distal

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15
Q

The coronoid process is on the ______ end of the ulna.

A

Proximal

(same with the olecranon and trochlear notch)

The ulnar head is on the distal end of the ulna; the radial head is on the proximal end of the radius

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16
Q

Identify the landmark on the Os Coxa:

A
  • Ischial Tuberosity

Other parts include the anterior/posterior iliac spine, acetabulum, sciatic notch (greater/lesser), pubic tubercle, obturator foramen

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17
Q

The Tibial tuberosity is on the ______ and ____ surface of the tibia:

A

Anterior, Proximal

Lateral malleolus = fibula
Medial malleaoulus = tibia
Medial/Lateral tibial condyle = proximal

FEMUR:

  • trochanters = proximal
  • condyles = distal
  • patellar surface = distal
  • Linea aspera = posterior
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18
Q

Identify the muscle that attaches to the maxillary tuberosity:

A
  • Superficial head of the medial pterigoid (inserts on the mandible)
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19
Q

Identify the muscle that attaches to the greater wing of the sphenoid:

A
  • Superior head of the lateral pterygoid (inserts on the TMJ also)

Masseter muscle originates on the zygomatic arch and inserts on the mandible

Temporalis inserts on the Coronoid process of the mandible (note: the temporalis is the main postural muscle)

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20
Q

Identify the muscle that attaches to the lateral surface of the pterygoid plate:

A
  • Inferior head of the Lateral Pterygoid (inserts on the mandible)

Masseter muscle originates on the zygomatic arch and inserts on the mandible

Temporalis inserts on the Coronoid process of the mandible (note: the temporalis is the main postural muscle)

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21
Q

Which of the following retracts the mandible?

A
  • Temporalis

Lateral Pterygoid muscle is the only one that does NOT elevate the mandible and has bilateral movement

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22
Q

The fibrous joint between the tibia and fibula is an example of a:

A

Syndesmoses

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23
Q

The fibrous joint between the mandible or maxilla and tooth is an example of a:

A

Gomphoses

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24
Q

The fibrous joint between the radius and ulna is an example of a:

A

Syndesomses

25
Q

The cartilaginous joint between the vertebral bodies is an example of a:

A

Symphasis

26
Q

The cartilaginous joint between pubic symphasis is an example of a:

A

Symphasis

27
Q

The cartilaginous joint between the epiphyseal plate is an example of a:

A

Synchondrosis

28
Q

The cartilaginous joint between the costochondral joint is an example of a:

A

Synchondrosis

29
Q

Shoulders, elbows, hip and knees are examples of a ________ joint.

A

Synovial (diathrosis)

30
Q

Identify the muscle of the rotator cuff:

A
  • Teres minor

“the rotator cuff SITS on the shoulder”

Rotator cuff muscles: supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis

31
Q

What’s the pneumonic for the muscles of the intertubercular groove muscle?

A

“2 Majors and a Muss”

32
Q

Identify the muscle that forms part of the anterior border of the axilla:

A
  • Pectoralis major and minor

’

Medial border of axilla: serratus anterior

Posterior border of axilla: Latissimus dorsi and teres major

Lateral border of axilla: Intertubercular groove

33
Q

Identify the lateral deep pit rotator muscle that lays on the sciatic nerve:

A

Piriformis

34
Q

What are the 3 hamstring muscles?

A
  1. biceps femoris
  2. semimembranosus
  3. semitendinosus

Quadriceps Femoris = Rectus fermoris

Elbow extensors = Triceps
Elbow Flexors = Biceps, brachialis, brachioradialis

35
Q

What are the 4 knee extensor muscles (quadriceps femoris)

A
  1. Rectus femoris
  2. Vastus intermedius
  3. Vastus lateralis
  4. Vastus medialis

Elbow extensors = Triceps
Elbow Flexors = Biceps, brachialis, brachioradialis

36
Q

What are the scapula muscles:

A

“the scapula is rhomboid shape”

  1. Levator scapulae
  2. Rhomboid major
  3. Rhomboid minor
37
Q

Which lobe of the brain is responsible for auditory perceptions?

A
  • Temporal

Frontal = personality, reasoning, emotions, problem solving

Parietal = Pain

Temporal = Auditory perceptions, learning and memory (wernikie’s area)

Occipital = Vision “eyes in the back of your head”

Insula = Taste “insulin”

38
Q

Cerebral spinal fluid is produced in the ______, which is located in the _______:

A
  • choroid process, lateral ventrical

note: Septum pellucidum separates the left and right lateral ventricles

39
Q

The Meninges have 3 layers, what are the layers from superficial to deep?

A

Dura→ Arachnoid→ Pia

“DAP the meninges”

40
Q

The spinal cords gray matter is _______ to white matter ….._______:

A
  • Deep, grey horns

The brain cords white matter is ______ to gray matter and is _____ …..
- superficial, Funiculus

41
Q

The brains white matter is ______ to gray matter and is _____ …..

A
  • superficial, Funiculus
42
Q

The brains gray matter is ______ to white matter.

A

Superficial

43
Q

Identify the portion of dura matter that sits on top of the cerebellum:

A

tentorium cerebeli

44
Q

Identify the portion of dura matter that lies in between the cerebral hemispheres:

A
  • Falx Cerebri (forms the superior and inferior sagittal sinuses)

Divides the cerebellar hemispheres:
- Falx Cerebelli

45
Q

Identify the portion of dura matter that covers the sella turcica:

A
  • Diaphragma sellae [the Infundibulum (pituitary stalk) travels through it]
    note: Dermatomes are areas of skin supplied by the branches of a single spinal nerve
46
Q

Which of the following cranial nerves does NOT provide innervation to the parasympathetic nervous system?

A

CNIV

CN3 = Ciliary (eyes)

CN7 = Submandibular & Pterygopalatine

CN9 = Otic

CN10 = Intramural ganglia

47
Q

The sciatic nerve is part of the ______ plexus:

A

Sacral (L4-S4)

48
Q

The femoral nerve is part of the ________ plexus:

A

Lumbar (spinal nerves L1-L4)

49
Q

The phrenic nerve is part of the _____ plexus:

A

Brachial

50
Q

Which of the following is a root of the brachial plexus?

A

C7

51
Q

Identify the chamber of the heart that primarily forms the inferior or diaphragmatic surface of the heart?

A

Left ventrical

Posterior surface or base = Left atrium

Anterior or sternocostal surface = Right Ventricle

Right surface = Right atrium

Left surface = Left ventricle

52
Q

Identify the artery that does not branch directly from the aortic arch:

A

Right common carotid artery

53
Q

Identify the artery that branches directly from the aortic arch:

A

Left subclavian and left common carotid

54
Q

Identify the pathway of lymph:

A

lymphatic capillary→ lymphatic vessel→ lymphatic trunk→ lymphatic duct

note: Right Lymphatic Duct = UPPER RIGHT portion of body

Thoracic Duct = everything elser

55
Q

Identify the lymphatic structure located in the upper left quadrant:

A

Spleen = upper left quadrant

56
Q

Which of the following is true during inhalation?

A

diaphragm contracts, external intercostal

57
Q

Which of the following is true during exhalation?

A
  • Diaphragm relaxes, Internal intercostals contract

note: The Larynx is in both the upper and lower tract

58
Q

Which part of the duodenum contains the major duodenal papilla?

A

2nd part

note: 1st part of duodenum is intraperitoneal

59
Q

Identify the abdominopelvic region that is immediately superior to the right lateral lumbar region:

A

Right hypochondrium

note:
Aortic hiatus = aorta, azygos, thoracic

Esophageal hiatus = esophagus and Vagus Nerves

Caval Hiatus = IVC and Phrenic Nerve

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