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From Flashcardlet > Anatomy Block 3 > Flashcards

Anatomy Block 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What muscle(s) is/are innervated by the femoral nerve?

A

Iliopsoas, rectus femoris, sartorius
Vastus lateralis, intermedius, medialis
Pectineus

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2
Q

What are the origin and insertion of the iliopsoas muscle?

A

Origin: iliac fossa & lumbar vertebrae
Insertion: lesser trochanter of femur

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3
Q

What is the insertion of the rectus femoris muscle?

A

tibial tuberosity via patella

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4
Q

What are the origin and insertion of the sartorius muscle?

A

Origin: anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion: medial to tibial tuberosity

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5
Q

What are the origin and insertion of the gluteus medius/minimus muscle?

A

Origin: external surface of ilium
Insertion: greater trochanter of femur

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6
Q

What are the origin and insertion of the tensor fasciae latae muscle?

A

Origin: anterior iliac crest, anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion: lateral condyle of tibia via iliotibial tract

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7
Q

What are the origin and insertion of the gluteus maximus muscle?

A

Origin: ilium and sacrum
Insertion: iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity

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8
Q

What are the origin and insertion of the semitendinosus muscle?

A

Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: medial surface of proximal end of tibia

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9
Q

What are the origin and insertion of the semimembranosus muscle?

A

Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: medial condyle of tibia

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10
Q

What are the origin and insertion of the long head of the biceps femoris muscle?

A

Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: head of fibula

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11
Q

What are the origin and insertion of the short head of the biceps femoris muscle?

A

Origin: linea aspera of femur
Insertion: head of fibula

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12
Q

What are the origin and insertion of the adductor magnus muscle?

A

Origin: inferior pubic ramus, ischial ramus; ischial tuberosity
Insertion: linea aspera & adductor tubercle of femur

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13
Q

What are the origin and insertion of the gracilis muscle?

A

Origin: inferior ramus of pubis
Insertion: medial to tibial tuberosity

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14
Q

What are the origin and insertion of the piriformis muscle?

A

Origin: anterior surface of sacrum
Insertion: greater trochanter of femur

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15
Q

What is the insertion of the vastus lateralis, medialis, and intermedius muscles?

A

tibial tuberosity via patella

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16
Q

What is the insertion of the fibularis longus muscle?

A

base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform

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17
Q

What is the insertion of the fibularis brevis muscle?

A

tuberosity of 5th metatarsal

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18
Q

What are the origin and insertion of the soleus muscle?

A

Origin: fibular head & soleal line of tibia
Insertion: calcaneus

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19
Q

What are the origin and insertion of the gastrocnemius muscle?

A

Origin: medial and lateral condyles of femur
Insertion: calcaneus via Achilles (tendocalcaneous)

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20
Q

What is the origin of the lumbricals 2-4?

A

tendons of flexor digitorum longus

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21
Q

What is the insertion of the quadratus plantae muscle?

A

flexor digitorum longus tendon

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22
Q

What is the insertion of the fibularis tertius muscle?

A

dorsum of base of 5th metatarsal

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23
Q

What is the action of the iliopsoas muscle?

A

flexes thigh at hip

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24
Q

What is the action of the rectus femoris muscle?

A

extends leg at knee & flexes thigh at hip

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25
Q

What is the action of the sartorius muscle?

A

flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh; flexes leg at knee

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26
Q

What is the action of the gluteus medius/minimus muscle?

A

abducts & medially rotates thigh

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27
Q

What is the action of the tensor fasciae latae muscle?

A

abducts & medially rotates thigh

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28
Q

What is the action of the gluteus maximus muscle?

A

extends and laterally rotates thigh

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29
Q

What is the action of the semitendinosus muscle?

A

extends thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg

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30
Q

What is the action of the semimembranosus muscle?

A

extends thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg

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31
Q

What is the action of the long head of the biceps femoris muscle?

A

extends thigh, flexes and laterally rotates leg

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32
Q

What is the action of the short head of the biceps femoris muscle?

A

flexes and laterally rotates leg

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33
Q

What is the action of the adductor magnus muscle?

A

extends & adducts thigh at hip

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34
Q

What is the action of the adductor longus muscle?

A

adducts thigh at hip

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35
Q

What is the action of the adductor brevis muscle?

A

adducts thigh at hip

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36
Q

What is the action of the pectineus muscle?

A

adducts thigh at hip

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37
Q

What is the action of the gracilis muscle?

A

adducts & medially rotates thigh at hip; flexes leg at knee

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38
Q

What is the action of the piriformis muscle?

A

laterally rotates thigh

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39
Q

What is the action of the superior gemellus muscle?

A

laterally rotates thigh

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40
Q

What is the action of the inferior gemellus/quadratus femoris muscle?

A

laterally rotates thigh

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41
Q

What is the action of the obturator internus muscle?

A

laterally rotates thigh

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42
Q

What is the action of the obturator externus muscle?

A

laterally rotates thigh

43
Q

What is the action of the vastus laterialis, medialis, and intermedius muscles?

A

extends leg at knee

44
Q

What is the action of the popliteus muscle?

A

weakly flexes leg at knee, laterally rotates femur on fixed tibia & unlocks knee, medially rotates tibia of unplanted limb

45
Q

What is the action of the tibialis anterior muscle?

A

dorsiflexes ankle, inverts foot

46
Q

What is the action of the extensor hallucis longus muscle?

A

dorsiflexes ankle; extends big toe

47
Q

What is the action of the extensor digitorum longus muscle?

A

dorsiflexes ankle; extends 2nd-5th digits

48
Q

What is the action of the fibularis longus muscle?

A

everts foot; weak plantarflexor of ankle

49
Q

What is the action of the fibularis brevis muscle?

A

everts foot; weak plantarflexor of ankle

50
Q

What is the action of the flexor hallucis longus muscle?

A

flexes big toe at all joints and plantarflexes ankle

51
Q

What is the action of the tibialis posterior muscle?

A

plantarflexes ankle and inverts foot

52
Q

What is the action of the flexor digitorum longus muscle?

A

flexes digits 2-5; plantarflexes ankle, supports longitudinal arch

53
Q

What is the action of the soleus muscle?

A

plantarflexes ankle and raises heel during walking

54
Q

What is the action of the gastrocnemius muscle?

A

flexes leg at knee and plantarflexes foot

55
Q

What is the action of the abductor hallucis muscle?

A

abducts and flexes big toe

56
Q

What is the action of the flexor digitorum brevis muscle?

A

flexes digits 2-5

57
Q

What is the action of the abductor digiti minimi muscle?

A

abducts and flexes 5th digit

58
Q

What is the action of the adductor hallucis muscle?

A

adducts big toe, supports transverse arch

59
Q

What is the action of the quadratus plantae muscle?

A

assists Flexor Digitorum Longus in flexion of digits 2-5

60
Q

What is the action of the extensor digitorum brevis muscle?

A

extends lateral four digits

61
Q

What is the action of the extensor hallucis brevis muscle?

A

extends big toe

62
Q

What is the action of the fibularis tertius muscle?

A

dorsiflexes ankle, everts foot

63
Q

What muscle(s) is/are innervated by the inferior gluteal nerve?

A

gluteus maximus

64
Q

What muscle(s) is/are innervated by the superior gluteal nerve?

A

tensor fasciae latae, gluteus medius/minimus

65
Q

What muscle(s) is/are innervated by the obturator nerve?

A

gracilis, pectineus, obturator externus, adductor brevis, longus, and magnus

66
Q

What muscle(s) is/are innervated by the tibial nerve?

A

adductor magnus, gastrocnemius, soleus, semimembranosus, semitendinosus, long head of biceps femoris, plantaris, popliteus, flexor hallucis longus, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus

67
Q

What muscle(s) is/are innervated by the common fibular nerve?

A

short head of biceps femoris

68
Q

What muscles are innervated by the nerve to quadratus femoris?

A

quadratus femoris, inferior gemellus

69
Q

What muscles are innervated by the nerve to obturator internus?

A

obturator internus, superior gemellus

70
Q

What muscle is innervated by the ventral rami of S1-S2?

A

piriformis

71
Q

What muscle(s) is/are innervated by the deep fibular nerve?

A

tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor hallucis brevis, extensor digitorum longus, extensor digitorum brevis, fibularis tertius

72
Q

What muscles make up the anterior compartment of the leg and what nerve innervates this compartment?

A

tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, deep fibular nerve

73
Q

What muscle(s) is/are innervated by the superficial fibular nerve?

A

lateral compartment leg muscles: fibularis longus and brevis

74
Q

What muscles make up the lateral compartment of the leg and what nerve innervates this compartment?

A

fibularis longus and brevis, superficial fibular nerve

75
Q

What muscles make up the deep posterior compartment of the leg and what nerve innervates this compartment?

A

flexor hallucis longus, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, tibial nerve

76
Q

What muscles make up the superficial posterior compartment of the leg and what nerve innervates this compartment?

A

soleus, gastrocnemius, tibial nerve

77
Q

What muscle(s) is/are innervated by the medial plantar nerve?

A

abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, flexor hallucis brevis, lumbrical #1

78
Q

What muscle(s) is/are innervated by the lateral plantar nerve?

A

abductor digiti minimi, adductor hallucis, flexor digiti minimi brevis, lumbricals 2-4, plantar interossei, quadratus plantae, dorsal interossei

79
Q

Which muscles originate from the ischial tuberosity?

A

semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and long head of biceps femoris

80
Q

Where is the common insertion of the long and short heads of biceps femoris?

A

head of fibula

81
Q

What muscles insert onto the greater trochanter of the femur?

A

gluteus medius/minimus and piriformis

82
Q

What muscles insert onto the calcaneus?

A

soleus and gastrocnemius

83
Q

What muscles have attachments on the tendons of flexor digitorum longus?

A

lumbricals 2-4 and quadratus plantae

84
Q

What muscles flex the thigh?

A

iliopsoas, rectus femoris, sartorius

85
Q

What muscles extend the leg at the knee?

A

rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, medialis, and intermedius

86
Q

What muscles flex the leg at the knee?

A

sartorius, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, long and short heads of biceps femoris, gracilis, popliteus, gastrocnemius

87
Q

What muscles abduct the thigh?

A

sartorius, gluteus medius/minimus, tensor fasciae latae

88
Q

What muscles laterally rotate the thigh?

A

sartorius, gluteus maximus, piriformis, superior gemellus, inferior gemellus/quadratus femoris, obturator internus, obturator externus, popliteus

89
Q

What muscles medially rotate the thigh?

A

gluteus medius/minimus, tensor fasciae latae, gracilis

90
Q

What muscles extend the thigh?

A

gluteus maximus, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, long head of biceps femoris, adductor magnus

91
Q

What muscles medially rotate the leg?

A

semitendinosus, semimembranosus, popliteus

92
Q

What muscles laterally rotate the leg?

A

long and short heads of biceps femoris

93
Q

What muscles adduct the thigh?

A

adductor magnus, longus, and brevis, pectineus, gracilis

94
Q

What muscles dorsiflex the ankle?

A

tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, fibularis tertius

95
Q

What muscles plantarflex the ankle?

A

fibularis longus and brevis, flexor hallucis longus, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, soleus, gastrocnemius

96
Q

What muscles invert the foot?

A

tibialis anterior, tibialis posterior

97
Q

What muscles evert the foot?

A

fibularis longus, brevis, and tertius

98
Q

What structures leave the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen?

A

Superior and inferior gluteal neurovascular bundles, piriformis muscle, sciatic nerve, internal pudendal vessels, pudendal nerve

99
Q

Trendelenberg gait: describe, what nerve is affected?

A

“gluteus medius lurch,” “hip drop,” rolling gait because of an inability to keep the pelvis level when the contralateral foot is raised off the ground; superior gluteal nerve

100
Q

What artery is the main arterial supply to the head and neck of the femur?

A

medial circumflex femoral artery

101
Q

What nerve is damaged upon posterior dislocation of the hip joint?

A

sciatic nerve

102
Q

What muscles’ tendons make up the pes anserinus?

A

sartorius, gracilis, semintendinosus

103
Q

Weakness in hip flexion and inability to extend the knee are symptoms of injuring what nerve?

A

femoral nerve

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