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From Flashcardlet > Anatomy Muscle Table > Flashcards

Anatomy Muscle Table Flashcards

0
Q

What is the action of the splenius capitis and cervicis, alone and together?

A

Alone: laterally bend and rotate neck to side of active muscle
Together: Extend head and neck

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1
Q

What nerve innervates the splenius capitus and cervicis?

A

Dorsal rami of spinal nerves

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2
Q

What nerve innervates the semispinalis capitis?

A

Dorsal rami of cervical spinal nerves

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3
Q

What is the action of the semispinalis capitis?

A

Extends neck and rotates head to the opposite side

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4
Q

What nerve innervates the erector spinae musles?

A

Dorsal rami of respective spinal nerve in each region

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5
Q

What is the action of the erector spinae muscles, alone and together?

A

Alone: Lateral flexion to same side
Together: Extends the vertebral column

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6
Q

What is the origin of the trapezius?

A

External occipetal protruberance and spinous processes of C7-T12 (aka all thoracic vertebrae)

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7
Q

What is the insertion of the trapezius?

A

Lateral third of clavicle, acromion, and scapular spine

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8
Q

What nerve innervates the trapezius?

A

Accessory nerve (CNXI)

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9
Q

What is the action of the trapezius, upper, middle, and lower?

A

Upper: Elevates and upwardly rotates the scapula
Middle: Retraction of scapula
Lower: Depresses and upwardly rotates the scapula

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10
Q

What is the origin of the latissimus dorsi?

A

Thoracolumbar fascia, spinous processes of T6-T12 (bottom half of thoracic vertebrae), and iliac crest

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11
Q

What is the insertion of the latissimus dorsi?

A

Intertubercular groove of the humerus

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12
Q

What nerve innervates the latissimus dorsi?

A

Thoracodorsal nerve (C6-C8)

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13
Q

What is the action of the latissimus dorsi?

A

Extends, adducts, and medially rotates the humerus

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14
Q

What is the insertion of rhomboid major and minor?

A

Medial border of scapula

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15
Q

What nerve innervates the rhomboid major and minor?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

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16
Q

What is the action of rhomboid major and minor?

A

Adducts, retracts, and downwardly rotates the scapula

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17
Q

What nerve innervates the levator scapulae?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (C5), same as rhomboid major and minor!

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18
Q

What is the action of levator scapulae?

A

Elevates and downwardly rotates the scapula

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19
Q

What is the origin of pectoralis major?

A

Clavicle, sternum, and costal cartilage

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20
Q

What is the insertion of pectoralis major?

A

Intertubercular groove of humerus, lateral lip

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21
Q

What nerve innervates the pectoralis major?

A

Medial and lateral pectoral nerves

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22
Q

What is the action of pectoralis major?

A

Adducts and medially rotates humerus

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23
Q

What is the origin of pectoralis minor?

A

Ribs 3-5

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24
Q

What is the insertion of pectoralis minor?

A

Coracoid process of scapula

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25
Q

What nerve innervates pectoralis minor?

A

Medial pectoral nerve

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26
Q

What is the action of pectoralis minor?

A

Protracts and depresses scapula

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27
Q

What is the origin of serratus anterior?

A

External/lateral surfaces of ribs 1-8

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28
Q

What is the insertion of serratus anterior?

A

Medial/deep margin of scapula

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29
Q

What nerve innervates serratus anterior?

A

Long thoracic nerve

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30
Q

What is the action of serratus anterior?

A

Protracts and upwardly rotates scapula; stabilizes scapula on thoracic wall

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31
Q

What is the origin of coracobrachialis?

A

Coracoid process

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32
Q

What is the insertion of corachobrachialis?

A

Medial mid-shaft of humerus

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33
Q

What nerve innervates coracobrachialis?

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

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34
Q

What is the action of coracobrachialis?

A

Flexion and adduction of the arm

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35
Q

What is the origin of the deltoid?

A

Spin and acromion of scapula, lateral 1/3 of clavicle

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36
Q

What is the insertion of the deltoid?

A

Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

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37
Q

What nerve innervates the deltoid?

A

Axillary nerve

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38
Q

What is the action of the deltoid’s anterior, middle, and posterior fibers?

A

Anterior: flex humerus
Middle: abduct humerus
Posterior: Extend humerus

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39
Q

What is the origin of the teres major?

A

Inferior angle of scapula

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40
Q

What is the insertion of the teres major?

A

Intertubercular groove of humerus, medial lip

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41
Q

What nerve innervates the teres major?

A

Lower subscapular nerve

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42
Q

What is the action of teres major?

A

Medially rotates and adducts humerus

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43
Q

What is the origin of the teres minor?

A

Lateral border of scapula

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44
Q

What is the insertion of teres minor?

A

Greater tubercle of humerus

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45
Q

What nerve innervates teres minor?

A

Axillary nerve

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46
Q

What is the action of teres minor?

A

Stabilizes shoulder joint and laterally rotates humerus

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47
Q

What is the origin of supraspinatus?

A

Supraspinous fossa

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48
Q

What is the insertion of the supraspinatus?

A

Greater tubercle of humerus (same as infraspinatus)

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49
Q

What nerve innervates the supraspinatus?

A

Suprascapular nerve (same as infraspinatus)

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50
Q

What is the action of supraspinatus?

A

Stabilizes shoulder joint and abducts humerus

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51
Q

What is the origin of infraspinatus?

A

Infraspinous fossa

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52
Q

What is the insertion of infraspinatus?

A

Greater tubercle of humerus (same as supraspinatus)

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53
Q

What nerve innervates infraspinatus?

A

Suprascapular nerve (same as supraspinatus)

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54
Q

What is the action of infraspinatus?

A

Stabilizes shoulder joint and laterally rotates humerus

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55
Q

What is the origin of subscapularis?

A

Subscapular fossa

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56
Q

What is the insertion of subscapularis?

A

Lesser tubercle of humerus

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57
Q

What nerve innervates the subscapularis?

A

Upper and lower subscapular nerve

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58
Q

What is the action of subscapularis?

A

Stabilizes shoulder joint and medially rotates humerus

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59
Q

What is the origin of brachialis?

A

Distal anterior humerus

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60
Q

What is the insertion of brachialis?

A

Ulnar tuberosity and coronoid process of ulna

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61
Q

What nerve innervates brachialis?

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

62
Q

What is the action of brachialis?

A

Flexes the arm

63
Q

What is the origin of the long head of biceps brachii?

A

Supraglenoid tubercle

64
Q

What is the origin of the short head of biceps brachii?

A

Coracoid process

65
Q

What is the insertion of biceps brachii?

A

Radial tuberosity

66
Q

What nerve innervates the biceps brachii?

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

67
Q

What is the action of biceps brachii?

A

Flexes and supinates forearm

68
Q

What is the origin of the long head of triceps brachii?

A

Infraglenoid tubercle

69
Q

What is the origin of the lateral head of triceps brachii?

A

Posterior superior humerus

70
Q

What is the origin of the medial head of triceps brachii?

A

Posterior inferior humerus

71
Q

What is the insertion of triceps brachii?

A

Olecranon process of ulna

72
Q

What nerve innervates the triceps brachii?

A

Radial nerve

73
Q

What is the action of triceps brachii?

A

Extends forearm

74
Q

What nerve innervates the anconeous?

A

Radial nerve

75
Q

What is the action of anconeous?

A

Extends the forearm

76
Q

What is the origin of brachioradialis?

A

Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

77
Q

What is the insertion of brachioradialis?

A

Lateral, distal end of humerus

78
Q

What nerve innervates the brachioradialis?

A

Radial nerve

79
Q

What is the action of brachioradialis?

A

Flexes forearm

80
Q

What nerve innervates the supinator?

A

Radial nerve

81
Q

What is the action of the supinator?

A

Supinates forearm

82
Q

What nerve innervates the pronator teres?

A

Median nerve

83
Q

What is the action of pronator teres?

A

Pronates and flexes forearm

84
Q

What nerve innervates pronator quadratus?

A

Median nerve

85
Q

What is the action of pronator quadratus?

A

Pronates forearm

86
Q

What is the origin of extensor carpi radialis longus?

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

87
Q

What nerve innervates extensor carpi radialis longus?

A

Radial nerve

88
Q

What is the action of extensor carpi radialis longus?

A

Extends and abducts (radially deviates) hand at wrist

89
Q

What is the origin of extensor carpi radialis brevis?

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

90
Q

What nerve innervates the extensor carpi radialis brevis?

A

Radial nerve

91
Q

What is the action of extensor carpi radialis brevis?

A

Extends wrist

92
Q

What is the origin of extensor carpi ulnaris?

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

93
Q

What nerve innervates extensor carpi ulnaris?

A

Radial nerve

94
Q

What is the action of extensor carpi ulnaris?

A

Extends and adducts (ulnar deviation) wrist

95
Q

What is the origin of flexor carpi radialis?

A

Medial epicondyle of humerus

96
Q

What nerve innervates flexor carpi radialis?

A

Median nerve

97
Q

What is the action of flexor carpi radialis?

A

Flexes hand and abducts wrist

98
Q

What is the origin of flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

Medial epicondyle of humerus

99
Q

What is the insertion of flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

Pisiform, hook of hamate, 5th metacarpal

100
Q

What nerve innervates the flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

Ulnar nerve

101
Q

What is the action of flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

Flexes and adducts wrist

102
Q

What nerve innervates palmaris longus?

A

Median nerve

103
Q

What is the origin of flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS)?

A

Medial epicondyle of humerus

104
Q

What is the insertion of flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS)?

A

Base of middle phalanges of digits 2-5

105
Q

What nerve innervates flexor digitorum superficialis?

A

Median nerve

106
Q

What is the action of flexor digitorum superficialis?

A

Flexes PIP, assists in MCP flexion

107
Q

What is the origin of flexor digitorum profundus (FDP)?

A

Proximal ulna and interosseous membrane

108
Q

What is the insertion of flexor digitorum profundus (FDP)?

A

Bases of distal phalanges of digits 2-5

109
Q

What nerve innervates the medial part of flexor digitorum profundus?

A

Ulnar nerve

110
Q

What nerve innervates the lateral part of flexor digitorum profundus?

A

Median nerve

111
Q

What is the action of flexor digitorum profundus?

A

Flexes DIP of digits

112
Q

What nerve innervates extensor digitorum (ED/EDC)?

A

Radial nerve

113
Q

What is the action of extensor digitorum (ED/EDC)?

A

Extends MCP joints of digits, assists in extension of IP joints

114
Q

What nerve innervates extensor indicis (EI)?

A

Radial nerve

115
Q

What is the action of extensor indicis?

A

Extends 2nd digit at MCP

116
Q

What nerve innervates extensor digiti minimi (EDM)?

A

Radial nerve

117
Q

What nerve innervates extensor pollicis longus (EPL)?

A

Radial nerve

118
Q

What nerve innervates extensor pollicis brevis (EPB)?

A

Radial nerve

119
Q

What nerve innervates abductor pollicis longus?

A

Radial nerve

120
Q

What is the origin of flexor pollicis longus?

A

Anterior radius

121
Q

What nerve innervates flexor pollicis longus?

A

Median nerve

122
Q

What is the action of flexor pollicis longus?

A

Flexes IP of thumb

123
Q

What is the origin of lumbricals 1-2?

A

Flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) tendons (same as lumbricals 3-4)

124
Q

What is the insertion of lumbicrals 1-2?

A

Lateral aspect of extensor expansions of digits 2 and 3

125
Q

What nerve innervates lumbricals 1-2?

A

Median nerve

126
Q

What is the action of lumbricals 1-2?

A

Flexes MCP joints; extends IP joints (same as lumbricals 3-4)

127
Q

What is the origin of lumbricals 3-4?

A

Flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) tendons (same as lumbricals 1-2)

128
Q

What is the insertion of lumbricals 3-4?

A

FDS tendons/extensor expansions of digits 4 and 5

129
Q

What nerve innervates lumbricals 3-4?

A

Ulnar nerve

130
Q

What is the action of lumbricals 3-4?

A

Flexes MCP joints; extends IP joints (same as lumbricals 1-2)

131
Q

What is the origin of dorsal interossei 1-4?

A

Adjacent sides of metacarpals

132
Q

What is the insertion of dorsal interossei 1-4?

A

Extensor expansions and bases of digits 2-4

133
Q

What nerve innervates dorsal interossei 1-4?

A

Ulnar nerve

134
Q

What is the action of dorsal interossei 1-4?

A

Abducts digits from axial line, assists in flexing MCP and extending IP joints of digits

135
Q

What is the origin of palmar interossei 1-3?

A

Palmar side of metacarpals 2, 4, 5

136
Q

What is the insertion of palmar interossei 1-3?

A

Bases of proximal phalanges, extensor expansions of digits 2, 4, and 5

137
Q

What nerve innervates palmar interossei 1-3?

A

Ulnar nerve

138
Q

What is the action of palmar interossei 1-3?

A

Adducts digits toward axial line, assists in flexing MCP joints and extending IP joints

139
Q

What nerve innervates adductor pollicis?

A

Ulnar nerve

140
Q

What is the action of adductor pollicis?

A

Adducts thumb toward middle digit at CMC joint

141
Q

What nerve innervates abductor pollicis brevis?

A

Recurrent branch of median nerve

142
Q

What is the action of abductor pollicis brevis?

A

Abducts thumb at CMC, assists in opposition

143
Q

What nerve innervates flexor pollicis brevis?

A

Recurrent branch of median nerve

144
Q

What is the action of flexor pollicis brevis?

A

Flexes thumb at IP joint

145
Q

What nerve innervates opponens pollicis?

A

Recurrent branch of median nerve

146
Q

What is the action of opponens pollicis?

A

Opposes and medially rotates thumb

147
Q

What nerve innervates abductor digiti minimi?

A

Ulnar nerve

148
Q

What is the action of abductor digiti minimi?

A

Abducts 5th digit

149
Q

What nerve innervates flexor digit minimi brevis?

A

Ulnar nerve

150
Q

What is the action of flexor digiti minimi brevis?

A

Flexes MCP of 5th digit

151
Q

What nerve innervates opponens digiti minimi?

A

Ulnar nerve

152
Q

What is the action of opponens digiti minimi?

A

Opposes 5th digit to thumb

153
Q

What nerve innervates palmaris brevis?

A

Ulnar nerve

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