Anatomy of chest wall and mechanics of breathing Flashcards
What does Boyle’s Law state?
That the pressure exerted by a gas is inversely proportional to its volume.
Note that gases (singly or in mixtures) move from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure.
What does Dalton’s Law state?
That the total pressure of a gas mixture is the sum of the pressures of the individual gases.
What does Charles Law state?
That the volume occupied by a gas is directly related to the absolute temperature
What does Henry’s Law state?
That the amount of gas dissolved in a liquid is determined by the pressure of the gas and it’s solubility in the liquid.
How many lobes are the right and left lung divided into?
Right 3 lobes
Left 2 lobes
The esophagus and aorta pass through the thorax between what?
Pleural sacs.
What is the pluera that covers the outside of the lungs?
Visceral pleura
What is the pluera that coats the inner surface of the ribs?
Parietal pleura
What is in between the two layers of pleura?
An extremely thin layer of intrapleural fluid
What is pleurisy?
Inflammation of the pleura
What muscles are required during inspiration?
External intercostal muscles Diaphragm
Sternocleidomastoids
Scalenes
What muscles are required for expiration?
Expiration is passive at rest, but uses internal intercostal and abdominal muscles during severe respiratory load
What is difficult in Asthma?
Expiration.
Over-reactive constriciton of bronchial smooth muscle increases resistance resulting in difficult expiration.
As the Diaphragm contracts the thoracic volume does what?
Increases
As the diaphragm relaxes, thoracic volume does what?
Decreases
