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Anatomy and physiology > Anatomy Terms > Flashcards

Anatomy Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy

A

Study of structure

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2
Q

Developmental anatomy

A

Study of structural changes from conception to adulthood

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3
Q

Embryology

A

The study of changes from conception to the end of the eighth week of development

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4
Q

Cytology

A

The study of cellular structure

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5
Q

Histology

A

Studies of anatomical structure of tissues

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6
Q

Gross anatomy

A

Study of structure that can be examined without a microscope

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7
Q

Systemic anatomy

A

Studying one body system at a time

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8
Q

Regional anatomy

A

Studying all structures contained in a specific region

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9
Q

Surface anatomy

A

Study of external form of the body and its relation to deeper structures

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10
Q

Anatomical imaging

A

Creating pictures of internal body structures

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11
Q

Physiology

A

Study of how molecules cells and organisms interact to form a whole being

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12
Q

Atoms

A

The basic components of the chemical level

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13
Q

Molecules

A

Atoms are joined together to form them

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14
Q

Cell level

A

Basic unit of organisms

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15
Q

Organelles

A

Cell level composed of small structures

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16
Q

Tissue level

A

Composed of a group of similar cells and the materials surrounding them

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17
Q

Organ level

A

Composed of two or more tissue types that perform one or more common functions

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18
Q

Organ system level

A

Composed of a group of organs that have a common function

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19
Q

Metabolism

A

Consists of all the chemical reactions taking place in an organism

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20
Q

8 characteristics of all living things

A 
Maintain boundaries 
Movement 
Responsiveness 
Digestion 
Metabolism 
Excretion 
Reproduction 
Growth
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21
Q

Differentiation

A

When a cell changes from general to specific

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22
Q

Homeostasis

A

System that keeps body at a constant equilibrium

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23
Q

Set point

A

Normal value for a body condition

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24
Q

Negative feedback

A

Any deviation from set point that is made smaller, ex body temp

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25
Q

Effector

A

Deviation from set point, can change the value of a variable

26
Q

Control center

A

Establishes set point

27
Q

Receptor

A

Monitors the value of a variable

28
Q

Positive feedback

A

A deviation from set point causes to make system make deviation greater ex blood clot

29
Q

Anatomical position

A

Body in erect position, face facing forward, hands to the side, palms facing forward

30
Q

Supine

A

Laying down on the back with face upward

31
Q

Prone

A

Laying down on the stomach with fave downward

32
Q

Superior

A

Up

33
Q

Inferior

A

Down

34
Q

Anterior

A

Front

35
Q

Posterior

A

Back

36
Q

Cephalic

A

Synonymous with superior

37
Q

Caudal

A

Synonymous with inferior

38
Q

Ventral surface

A

Belly

39
Q

Dorsal surface

A

Back

40
Q

Proximal

A

Near the point of origin

41
Q

Distal

A

Farther from the point of origin

42
Q

Medial

A

Closer to the midline of the body

43
Q

Lateral

A

Farther from the midline of the body

44
Q

Superficial

A

Near the body surface

45
Q

Deep

A

Structures in the interior of the body

46
Q

Sagittal

A

Vertical plane that divides body into left and right

47
Q

Transverse

A

Divides the body into superior and inferior

48
Q

Frontal

A

Divided body into anterior And posterior

49
Q

Thoracic cavity

A

Surrounded by the rib cage

50
Q

Abdominal cavity

A

Contains stomach intestines liver spleen pancreas kidneys

51
Q

Pelvic cavity

A

Contains urinary bladder and internal reproductive organs

52
Q

Abdominopelvic cavity

A

The abdominal and pelvic cavities

53
Q

Serous membranes

A

Found covering the organs of the trunk cavities and lining the trunk cavities

54
Q

Visceral serous membranes

A

Covers the organs

55
Q

Perietal serous membrane

A

Lines the organ

56
Q

Serous fluid

A

Reduces friction

57
Q

Pericardial cavity

A

Surrounds the heart

58
Q

Pleural cavity

A

Surrounds each lung

59
Q

Mesenteries

A

Anchor the organs to wall and provide a pathway for nerves and blood to reach organs

60
Q

Retroperitoneal

A

Organs that are directly attached to the body wall and covered only with a perietal peritoneum

Anatomy and physiology (4 decks)

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