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Year 3: Block 1: MSK system > Anatomy: the Upper Limb: shoulder and arm > Flashcards

Anatomy: the Upper Limb: shoulder and arm Flashcards

1
Q

Upper limb much more flexible due to what

A

pectoral girdle

clavicle and scapula

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2
Q

axilla - lateral chest wall

A

lateral chest wall

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3
Q

Neuro vs enter

A

below the scapula

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4
Q

When they leave the axilla they get called

A

brachial

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5
Q

brachial plexus is

A

c5-t1

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6
Q

Axillary nerve

A

shoulder

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7
Q

Musculo-cutaneous nerve

A

flexor compartment of arm

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8
Q

Radial nerve

A

extensor muscles in posterior and forearm

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9
Q

Ulnar nerve

A

few of medial in muscles, most of small muscles in hand

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10
Q

Median nerve

A

majority of flexor compartment of forearm

thumb muscles

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11
Q

Dorsal muscles (4)

A

Trapezius
Lattissimus dorsi
Rhomboids
Levator scapulae

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12
Q

Can move the scapulae

A

Decompression
retraction
Contraction

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13
Q

Lower rhomboids dp

A

retraction

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14
Q

Lattissimus dorsi - what does it do?

A

pulls humerus down

pulls pectoral girdle

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15
Q

serratus anterior attaches through

A

first 8 ribs

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16
Q

how does the serrates anterior protract

A

slides the scapula around the trunk - protraction

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17
Q

supple to the serratus anterior

A

long thoracic nerve - on the surface

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18
Q

Winged scapula

A

Clinical sign of injury to the long thoracic nerve

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19
Q

Ventral musculature - - pec maj - main features

what movement does it have?

A

pectorals major - runs all around the chest wall - attaches humerus

ADDUCTION

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20
Q

muscle that can do everything - what movement?

A

deltoid

ABDUCTS the arm at the shoulder

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21
Q

Deltoid has what parts ? (3)

A

anterior
lateral
posterior

22
Q

deltoid abduction

- what do they anterior fibres do ?

A

bring the arm out - abducted it

brings the arm forward - flexion at the shoulder joint

posterior fibres - pull humeral joint backwards- extension of shoulder joint

23
Q

Lateral deltoid will

A

abduct

stretch anterior and posterior - adduct

24
Q

Deltoid is supplied by?

A

nerve travelling around the neck of humerus - axillary nerve - injured in a shoulder dislocation

25
Q

short scapular muscles - rotator cuff - examples (4)

A

Supraspinatus
infraspinatus
Teres minor
Teres major

26
Q

Rotator cuff muscle movements

A

ABduction

lateral rotation

27
Q

Space above the spine

A

supraspinous fossa

28
Q

What kind of muscle is the Serratus anterior

What does it do?

A

ventrolateral muscle which attaches to the medial border of the scapula and protracts and stabilises the pectoral girdle

29
Q

Glenohumeral rhythm is the? (2)

A

Upward rotation of scapula

Abduction of humerus

30
Q

The teres major attaches

A

anteriorly

doesn’t cross the joint so doesn’t stabilise

31
Q

Subscapularis muscle - what does it do

A

crosses the gh joint
attaches to humerus
- constant pulls humerus in to prevent shoulder dislocation

ANTERIOR MUSCLE

32
Q

Key flexors and extensors of the elbow joinT?

A

TRICEPS brachii

33
Q

What does the TRICEPS brachii do?

what surface?

A

extends the arm (shoulder at GH joint) and forearm at elbow joint

Key extensor

posterior surface

34
Q

Point of the ulnar - what bone does it belong to?

A

olecranon process

Ulnar bone

35
Q

Biceps brachii is the? where doesn’t attach

A

Triceps antagonist

from the scapula to the radius

36
Q

What nerve travels on the surface of posterior humerus?

A

radial nerve

DEEP TO MUSCLE

37
Q

damage to the radial nerve

A

inability to extend the wrist

38
Q

What nerve is a key extensor?

A

radial

39
Q

Where does the Biceps brachii attach?

what movement does this allow?(2)

A

the radius

flexion and supination of the forearm

40
Q

What is the bicipital groove?

What does it hold

A

separates greater tubercle from the lesser tubercle

Holds the tendon of the biceps

41
Q

the biceps cross? what does this make it?

A

shoulder and elbow anteriorly

  • FLEXOR of both
42
Q

What bone mobilises the fore arm

A

the radius

43
Q

Brachialis is a?

A

Powerful flexor of the elbow

44
Q

Brachioradialis is a ?

A

strong flexor only in the MID-POSITION

45
Q

Clockwise direction is called

A

supination

46
Q

Where does the Brachialis attach

A

ulnar

47
Q

In the forearm, the ulna is involved in what movement ?

A

flexion and extension at the elbow joint

48
Q

Brachialis and Brachioradialismuscle supplied by?

A

Musculo cutaneous nerve

49
Q

when you move you change the

A

move the location of the radius

50
Q

What can the radius also move around?

how does it do this?

A

ulnar

articulating at the superior and inferior radioulnar joints

51
Q

Biceps is an important

A

supinator

52
Q

What muscles are important pronators (2)

A

Pronator teres (superficual) and

Pronator quadratus (lies under the tendons so quite hidden)

Year 3: Block 1: MSK system (22 decks)

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