Anemias Flashcards
+ osmotic fragility test
hereditary spherocytosis
increased LDH
decreased Haptoglobin
increased indirect Bilirubin
Hemolysis
+ direct coombs test
autoimmune hemolytic anemia
+ Schilling Test
pernicious anemia
Which hemolytic anemia has RBC membrane defects
Hereditary spherocytosis
Tx for Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
High dose prednisone with taper
Heinz bodies
G6PD deficiency
Tx for hereditary spherocytosis
folic acid, supportive transfusion and splenectomy for moderate to severe cases
What are the 5 hemolytic anemias?
- Hereditary Spherocytosis
- Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
- G6PD deficiency
- Sickle Cell Anemia
- Thalassemia
normocytic, normochromic anemia and many spherocytes
+ splenomegaly
Hereditary Spherocytosis
severe pallor and weakness, petechiae, ecchymosis and mucosal bleeding, and severe infection
↓ WBC, ↓ RBC (normocytic/normochromic), ↓ Platelets, and no reticulocytosis.
Aplastic anemia
What are 6 common causes of aplastic anemia?
ACE inhibitors, Sulfonamides, Phenytoin (Dilantin), Chloramphenicol, Chemotherapy, and Radiation
is iron low or high in aplastic anemia
iron is elevated
what is seen on bone marrow bx in aplastic anemia
(most accurate test)
- Normal cell morphology
- Hypocellular bone marrow with fatty infiltration
Tx for Aplastic anemia
- Curative: bone marrow transplant for healthy patients < 50
- Immunosuppressive agents for > 50 or those with comorbidities: anti-thymocyte globulin + cyclosporine, and prednisone
- Hematopoietic growth factor G-CSF (filgastrim) reduces the incidence of infections, but it does NOT alter the course
