Anterior Forearm

Question 1

Pronator teres

Answer 1

Superficial layer
proximal: ulnar-coronoid process, humeral head-medial epicondyle of humerus (common flexor origin)
distal: lateral surface of radius
Innervation: Median nerve (C6, C7*)
Main actions: pronates, flexes forearm

Question 2

Flexor carpi radialis (FCR)

Answer 2

Superficial layer
proximal: medial epicondyle of humerus
distal: base of 2nd metacarpal
Innervation: Median nerve (C6, C7*)
Main actions: flexes, abducts wrist

Question 3

Palmaris longus

Answer 3

Superficial layer
proximal: medial epicondyle of humerus
distal: distal half of flexor retinaculum and apex of palmar aponeurosis
Innervation: Median (C7, C8)
Main actions: flexes wrist

Question 4

Flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU)

Answer 4

Superficial layer
proximal: humeral head-medial epicondyle of humerus, ulnar head-olecranon and posterior border of ulna (via aponeurosis)
distal: pisiform, hook of hamate, 5th metacarpal
Innervation: Ulnar nerve (C7, C8*)
Main actions: flexes and adducts wrist

Question 5

Flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS)

Answer 5

Intermediate layer
proximal: humero-ulnar head-medial epicondyle (common flexor origin and coronoid process), radial head-superior half of anterior border
distal: shafts of middle phalanges of medial four digits
Innervation: Median nerve (C7, C8, T1)
Main actions: flexes fingers (@PIPs and MPs)

Question 6

Flexor digitorum profundus (FDP)

Answer 6

Deep layer
Proximal: proximal three quarters of medial and anterior surfaces of ulna and interosseous membrane
Distal: medial-bases of distal phalanges of 4th and 5th fingers, lateral-bases of digital phalanges of 2nd and 3rd digits
Innervation: medial-ulnar (C8, T1), lateral-anterior interosseous nerve from median nerve (C8, T1)
Actions: flexes 2-5 at DIPs

Question 7

Flexor pollicis longus (FPL)

Answer 7

Deep layer:
Proximal: anterior surface of radius and adjacent interosseous membrane
Distal: base of distal phalanx of thumb
Innervation: Anterior interosseous nerve from median nerve (C8*, T1)
Actions: flexes thumb

Question 8

Pronator quadratus

Answer 8

Deep layer:
Proximal: distal quarter of anterior surface of ulna
Distal: distal quarter of anterior surface of radius
Innervation: Anterior interosseous nerve from median nerve (C8*, T1)
Actions: pronates forearm