Antibiotics

Question 1

4 Beta Lactams

Answer 1

Penicillins
Cephalosporins
Monobactams
Carbapenams

Question 2

Beta Lactam 3 Side FX

Answer 2

Hypersensitivity (skin rash to anaphylaxis)
Hemolytic anemias
Interstitial Nephritis w/ skin rash/high WBC/fever

Question 3

Carbapenam Special Side Effect

Answer 3

Seizures

Question 4

Penicillin G,B Use (3)

Answer 4

G+ that don’t produce beta lactamases
Anaerobes
ALWAYS FOR SYPHILIS

Question 5

Ampicillin and Amoxicillin Use (3.1)

Answer 5

G+ especially Enterococcus
G-
NO pseudomonas

Question 6

Piperacillin Use

Answer 6

G+, G-, and pseudomonas

Question 7

Piperacillin + Tazobactam

Answer 7

G+, -, pseudomonas, and anaerobes

Question 8

1st vs. 2nd Gen Cephalosporins

Answer 8

G+ vs. more G- but less Staph activity

Question 9

3rd Gen Cephalosporins (3)

Answer 9

G+ and G-. Ceftriaxone no pseudomonas but Ceftazidime YES pseudomonas

Question 10

4th Gen Cephalosporins (Cefepime)

Answer 10

Broadest spectrum: G+/-/pseudomonas

Question 11

Ceftaroline

Answer 11

Cephalosporin active against G- and some G+, most notably drug resistant S. pneumoniae and MRSA

Question 12

2 Omissions from Most Cephalosporin Coverage

Answer 12

Don’t treat anaerobes/enterococc or MRSA

Question 13

Monobactams

Answer 13

Aztreonam: G-s like entero and pseudomonas, for those allergic to other Beta lactams

Question 14

Meropenem

Answer 14

Carbapenam that treats everything except MRSA, including high level ESBL and other resistance shit

Question 15

Ertapenem

Answer 15

Carbapenem that doesn’t treat pseudomon or enterococc

Question 16

Vancomycin Use (3 and 1 omission)

Answer 16

MRSA, Enterococc, G+s when allergic to Beta lactams

NO G-

Question 17

2 Vancomycin Side FX

Answer 17

Red man syndrome and nephrotoxicity

Question 18

Protein Synth Inhibitors (what they do and 4 examples)

Answer 18

Mostly affinity for 70S

Tetracyclines, macrolides, aminoglycosides, lincosamides

Question 19

Aminoglycosides Use and Omission

Answer 19

Resistant G-s

Ineffective against anaerobes

Question 20

Aminoglycosides 2 Toxicities

Answer 20

Nephro and ototoxic (irreversible)

Question 21

Tetracyclines Use (4)

Answer 21

IC bacteria a lot: Rickettsiae, spirochetes, mycoplasma and chlamydia

Question 22

Tetracyclines 2 Toxicities

Answer 22

Avoid in children: stunts bone growth/teeth

Photosensitivity

Question 23

Macrolides 3 Uses

Answer 23

Atypical pneumonias (chlamydia/mycoplasma)
STDs
G+ infections in patients allergic to PCN

Question 24

Macrolides 2 Toxicities

Answer 24

GI/diarrhea - erythromycin only used for now, not infection

Increased serum anticoags/cardiac arrhythmias

Question 25

Lincosamides (2 uses 1 omission)

Answer 25

G+ (SA)
Anaerobes
NOT G-

Question 26

Lincosamides Toxicity

Answer 26

C. dificile overgrowth/colitis

Question 27

Fluoroquinolones (older -> newer drugs and use)

Answer 27

Ciprofloxacin -> Levofloxacin -> Moxifloxacin

Better GNR/Pseudomonas -> better G+

Question 28

Fluoroquinolones 2 Side Effects

Answer 28

Tendonitis/rupture, QT prolongation

Question 29

Metronidazole 3 Use

Answer 29

Strict anaerobe
C. dificile
Antiprotozoa: Giardia, trichomonas, etc

Question 30

Metronidazole Side Effects (3)

Answer 30

Rxn w/ EtOH
Metallic taste
Neurotoxic

Question 31

2 Big Txs for Anaerobes

Answer 31

Clindamycin and metronidazole

Question 32

PCP Tx

Answer 32

Bactrim