Antimicrobial Therapy

Question 1

What are the 3 types of fungal conditions appearing in humans?

Answer 1

• allergies to fungal products (eg. allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis ABPA)
• mycotoxicoses = ingestion of fungi and their toxic products
• mycoses = superficial, subcutaneous or systemic colonisation, invasion and destruction of human tissue

Question 2

What are the four levels of classification of mycoses?

Answer 2

superficial = on skin surface

cutaneous = reaching inside of the first layer of skin

subcutaneous = near the origin of the hair follicle, deeper in skin

systemic = deep = within organs

Question 3

What are the targets for antifungal therapy?

Answer 3

Cell membrane (ergosterol instead of cholesterol)

DNA synthesis (i dont really understand this)

Cell wall

Question 4

What Gram Negative organism causes UTI infections, and survives on abiotic surfaces?

Answer 4

acinetobacter baumanni (MDRAB)

Question 5

What Gram Positive organism colonises the nasopharynx, causes bloodstream infections, and disseminated spread (e.g. osteomyelitis & infective endocarditis)?

Answer 5

Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA, VISA)

Question 6

What Gram Positive organism is a major cause of antibiotic associated diarrhoea and mortality?

Answer 6

Clostridium difficile

Question 7

What Gram negative organism causes hospital acquired pneumonia, burn wounds, particularly affects immunocompromised hosts (e.g. chemotherapy, individuals with cystic fibrosis), and survives on abiotic surfaces?

Answer 7

pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 8

What is the abbreviation for extended spectrum beta-lactam resistant E. coli?

Answer 8

ESBL

Question 9

What Gram Positive organism is a commensal of gastrointestinal tract, but can cause bloodstream and urinary tract infections?

Answer 9

Enterococcus