Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NCLEX - HURST REVIEW (Pediatrics) > Anything goes (Tet spells, UTI's, Hydrocehpalus, Scoliosis, Chicken Pox > Flashcards

Anything goes (Tet spells, UTI's, Hydrocehpalus, Scoliosis, Chicken Pox Flashcards

1
Q

What are Tet spells also known as ?

A

“Hypercyanotic” spells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Tet spells are seen in who ?

A

Children with the congenital heart defect of Tetralogy of Fallot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are Tet spells caused by ?

A

Insufficient blood flow to the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the Treatment for Hypercyanotic Tet spells ?

A
  • Put infants in the knee-chest position
  • 100% O2
  • Morphine for sedations
  • Monitor Cardiac Output
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Why do you want to put infants in the knee-chest position for Tet spells ?

A

This decreases venous return from the lower extremities (the desaturated blood) and increases systemic resistance which diverts the blood to the pulmonary artery for oxygenation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the prevention for Tet spells ?

A
  • Quiet play
  • Minimize stress
  • Respond to crying quickly (d/t bearing down in chest)
  • HF in infants and small children is usually due to congenital heart defects
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are Congenital Heart Defects ?

A

Are a structural defect of the heart or great vessels that is present at birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How are congenital heart defects classified ?

A

Classified by direction of blood flow & if cyanotic or not

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Are UTI’s common, but a potentially serious infection ?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

UTI’s occur most often in who ?

A

Children 2-6 years of age, with a greater risk in females

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are UTI signs and symptoms in children under 2 years of age ?

A 
- In newborns and children < 2 years, the s/s may be nonspecific
     (may even seem to be a GI problem)
- Failure to thrive
- Feeding problems
- Vomiting and Diarrhea
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

If UTI’s are left untreated, what may happen ?

A

Renal tissue may be destroyed and scarring can occur, and can lead to kidney failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Why is family teaching regarding UTI’s so important ?

A

B/c there is a tendency for infection to re-occur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are causes of UTI’s ?

A
  • Renal anomalies
  • Constipation (displaces bladder & potential for obstruction)
  • Bubble baths
  • Poor hygiene
  • Pin worms
  • Sexual activity (including sexual abuse)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why are girls more prone to UTI’s than boys ?

A

Female anatomy

The female urethra is about 1 1/2 inches long at maturity, but its only 3/4 inches long in young females. it provides a ready pathway for micro-organisms to invade

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are UTI signs and symptoms for children over the age of 2 ?

A

Classic symptoms of UTI are seen in children > 2 years

  • Frequency
  • Dysuria
  • Fever
  • Flank pain
  • Hematuria
  • Foul smelling urine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How are UTI’s diagnosed ?

A
  • Requires a properly collected Urine Specimen

- Most accurate method is catheterization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the Tx for UTI’s ?

A
  • Antibiotic therapy: PO or IV
  • Teach prevention
    - proper wiping technique (front to back)
    - No bubble baths
    - Cotton underwear
    - Limited carbonated drinks
    (b/c, decreases acidity of urine & allows more bacteria)
19
Q

What is Hydrocephalus ?

A

Condition where there is a disturbance of the ventricular circulation of CSF.

The CSF builds up and causes increased ICP

20
Q

What are signs and symptoms of Hydrocephalus ?

A
  • Bulging fontanels with head enlargement
  • Dilated scalp veins
  • Depressed or sunken eyes (d/t swollen forehead)
  • Irritability and changes in LOC
  • High-pitched cry *
  • Setting sun sign (whites around iris can be seen)
21
Q

What is the Diagnosis for Hydrocephalus ?

A

Head circumference

always do at well child check-ups until 3 years

22
Q

What is the surgical treatment for Hydrocephalus ?

A

Insertion of a VP shunt (ventriculoperitoneal shunt)

- to drain excess fluid

23
Q

What is the Post-op care of a VP shunt for Hydrocephalus ?

A
  • Measure the head circumference (pre and post-op)
  • Assess for bulging fontanels and widening cranial suture lines
  • Monitor Temperature
  • Supine position
24
Q

What is Hydrocephalus frequently associated with ?

A

Myelomeningocele

25
Q

What is Myelomeningocele ?

A

A type of Spina Bifida

26
Q

When an infant is born with Myelomeningocele what do you want to do ?

A

Protect the sac and do not let it rupture

27
Q

How should a baby with Myelomeningocele be lying ?

A

Prone

28
Q

What should you do while waiting for surgery in someone who has Myelomeningocele (a type of spina bifida) ?

A

Cover the sack with a sterile moistened dressing so it won’t dry out

29
Q

What is Scoliosis ?

A

A musculoskeletal disorder consisting of lateral curvature and rotation of the spine

30
Q

Scoliosis can be __________ or ___________ ?

A

Idiopathic or Congenital

31
Q

What are contributing factors for scoliosis ?

A
  • Heavy backpacks (suitcases, etc)
  • Bags
  • Carrying children on hips
32
Q

What is the Treatment for scoliosis ? (the 3 O’s)

A
  • Observation
  • Orthosis (supports and braces)
  • Operation (which usually is spinal fusion with rods)
    - depends on curve-
33
Q

What is Chicken Pox ?

A

Childhood communicable disease that is rare d/t a vaccine recommended by the CDC

34
Q

Chicken Pox is the same virus that causes what as persons get older ?

A

Shingles

35
Q

What is the primary focus with chicken pox ?

A

Prevent infection of the lesions

36
Q

What home remedies could alleviate the itching associated with chicken pox ?

A

Oatmeal bath & baking soda paste

37
Q

Are chicken pox contagious ?

A

Yes! - Very!

38
Q

What is the virus that causes chicken pox ?

A

Varicella zoster

39
Q

What are the 4 different parenting styles ?

A
  • Authoritarian
  • Authoritative
  • Permissive
  • Indifferent
40
Q

_____________ parenting style is defined as: highly controlling, expects to be obeyed, inflexible rules ?

A

Authoritarian

41
Q

_____________ parenting style is defined as: Sets reasonable limits on behavior, encourages growing autonomy of child, open communication ?

A

Authoritative :)

42
Q

_____________ parenting style is defined as: Few or no restraints, unconditional love, much freedom, little guidance, no limit setting ?

A

Permissive

43
Q

_____________ parenting style is defined as: No limit setting, lack affection for the child, focused on own life ?

A

Indifferent

44
Q

Which Parenting style is the good one & the one you always want to remember ?

A

Authoritative ! :)

NCLEX - HURST REVIEW (Pediatrics) (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions