Anytime (done perman) (m-10.7)

Question 1

pulp originates from what derm

Answer 1

neural crest

Question 2

tomes fibers is part of (ameloblast or odontoblast)

Answer 2

od

know: ameloblast extend Tomes process

Question 3

the gallbladder lacks what things

Answer 3

lacks muscularis mucosa

lacks submucosa

Question 4

function of cells of ito

Answer 4

store fats

Question 5

serous vs mucous are categories of WHAT

Answer 5

types of acini glandular cells in the salivary gland

Question 6

name types of specialized ducts related to salivary glands

tell me their functions

Answer 6

1 intercalated - adds bicarbonate

2 striated - removes Na

Question 7

in the pancreas, what structure (exactly) secretes bicarbonate

Answer 7

duct cell

read: acinar just secretes enzymes

Question 8

name the pt at which the SM and IM (m=mesenteric) anastomose

Answer 8

marginal artery

Question 9

risk of hiatal hernia is increased by weakness is which muscle

Answer 9

weakness in right crus of diaphragm

Question 10

describe path of anastomosis of the superior mesenteric and inferior mesen arteries

Answer 10

SM -> middle colic -> marginal -> IM -> left colic

Question 11

what causes the spincter of oddi to relax

What happens when sphincter of oddi relaxes

Answer 11

CCK from intestines

allows bile from GB and stuff from pancreas (digestive enzymes and BC) to flow into DD

Question 12

ATP is considered (chemical/electrochemical) energy

Answer 12

ATP - chemical

NADH - EC

Question 13

gastrin stimulates what

Answer 13

stimulates the parietal cell

glandular cell in fundus and body of stomach

Question 14

paneth cell function

Answer 14

contains lysozyme and defensin

Question 15

Which part of digestive system has crypts

Answer 15

SI paneth

LI

Question 16

which crypt has villi

SI or LI

Answer 16

small

Question 17

Brunner’s gland function

Answer 17

found in duodenum

-produce bicarbonate

Question 18

which pathway is associated with malonyl coA

Answer 18

fatty acid synthesis

Question 19

insulin stimulates glucose uptake MOSTLY where (in other words, excess glucose is mostly stored here)

Answer 19

skeletal muscle

Question 20

carb can be converted to glycogen, skeletal muscle, or fat

what’s the second most versatile kind of category

Answer 20

protein

can be converted to skm or fat

Question 21

insulin is made by what organ

Answer 21

pancreas

Question 22

in ascites, what cavity is distended

Answer 22

peritoneal cavity

Question 23

read: hexokinase functions at max velocity regardless of glucose [ ]

Answer 23

-

Question 24

pyruvate -> PD -> ACA

what is a product of this eq other than ACA

Answer 24

product NADH

Question 25

What are the three AA associated with the de/phosphorylation pathway

Answer 25

Serine
Threonine
Tyrosine

Question 26

going down the arteries on the ab aorta, what comes after lumbar, common iliac, ??

Answer 26

inf epigastric

Question 27

before the inferior phrenic VEIN on IVC, there exists ??

Answer 27

hepatic vein

Question 28

alanine is the transfer form of nitrogen from AA

alanine in the liver undergoes rxn cat by ALT

in this rxn alanine -> what

Answer 28

becomes glutamate

read: glutamate then becomes aspartate, which enters the urea cycle

last step is arginine etc

Question 29

malonyl coA inhibits what enzyme

Answer 29

CPT 1 (carnitine), which is involved in fatty acid oxi

Question 30

pyruvate dehydrogenase requires cofactors

is it NAD or NADH

Answer 30

oxidized form - NAD

Question 31

”” fatty acids are bound to albumins

Answer 31

unesterified

Question 32

rectus sheath is formed by the aponeuroses of 3 muscles

Answer 32

1 ext oblique
2 int oblique
3 transversus abdominis

Question 33

rectus abdominis muscle runs from where to where

Answer 33

from pubic bone

to: bottom of sternum

Question 34

names of colic flexures (right and left)

Answer 34

right - hepatic flexure

left - splenic flexure

Question 35

phenyalanine -> tyrosine -> homogentisic acid -> fumarate

but tyrosine can also become these things

list them out

Answer 35

tyrosine -> dopamine -> NE -> E

Question 36

diastasis recti forms where

Answer 36

along linea alba

Question 37

does the indirect inguinal hernia push directly THRU the ab wall

Answer 37

no

this is a characteristic reserved for the direct inguinal hernia

Question 38

which salivary gland produces saliva

Answer 38

submandibular

Question 39

if beta oxidation is slowed, then (alpha/gamma) oxidation will be favoured

Answer 39

gamma

Question 40

( ? ) oxidation is used for FA that CANNOT be beta oxidized

Answer 40

alpha